A Pilot, Predictive Surveillance Model in Pharmacovigilance Using Machine Learning Approaches.

Autor: De Abreu Ferreira R; Medical Safety Evaluation, Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, Epidemiology, and Research and Development Quality Assurance, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA., Zhong S; Statistical Sciences and Analytics, Data and Statistical Sciences, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA., Moureaud C; Safety Data Sciences, Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, Epidemiology, and Research and Development Quality Assurance, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA. charlotte.moureaud@abbvie.com., Le MT; Medication Safety Fellow, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, West Lafayette, IN, USA., Rothstein A; Medical Safety Evaluation, Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, Epidemiology, and Research and Development Quality Assurance, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA., Li X; Statistical Sciences and Analytics, Data and Statistical Sciences, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA., Wang L; Statistical Sciences and Analytics, Data and Statistical Sciences, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA., Patwardhan M; Medical Safety Evaluation, Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, Epidemiology, and Research and Development Quality Assurance, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA.; Safety Data Sciences, Pharmacovigilance and Patient Safety, Epidemiology, and Research and Development Quality Assurance, AbbVie, Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Advances in therapy [Adv Ther] 2024 Jun; Vol. 41 (6), pp. 2435-2445. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 05.
DOI: 10.1007/s12325-024-02870-5
Abstrakt: Introduction: The identification of a new adverse event (AE) caused by a drug product is one of the key activities in the pharmaceutical industry to ensure the safety profile of a drug product. Machine learning (ML) has the potential to assist with signal detection and supplement traditional pharmacovigilance (PV) surveillance methods. This pilot ML modeling study was designed to detect potential safety signals for two AbbVie products and test the model's capability of detecting safety signals earlier than humans.
Methods: Drug X, a mature product with post-marketing data, and Drug Y, a recently approved drug in another therapeutic area, were selected. Gradient boosting-based ML approaches (e.g., XGBoost) were applied as the main modeling strategy.
Results: For Drug X, eight true signals were present in the test set. Among 12 potential new signals generated, four were true signals with a 50.0% sensitivity rate and a 33.3% positive predictive value (PPV) rate. Among the remaining eight potential new signals, one was confirmed as a signal and detected six months earlier than humans. For Drug Y, nine true signals were present in the test set. Among 13 potential new signals generated, five were true signals with a 55.6% sensitivity rate and a 38.5% PPV rate. Among the remaining eight potential new signals, none were confirmed as true signals upon human review.
Conclusion: This model demonstrated acceptable accuracy for safety signal detection and potential for earlier detection when compared to humans. Expert judgment, flexibility, and critical thinking are essential human skills required for the final, accurate assessment of adverse event cases.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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