Designing a smallpox B-cell and T-cell multi-epitope subunit vaccine using a comprehensive immunoinformatics approach.

Autor:	Yu C; State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.; Engineering Center of Agricultural Biosafety Assessment and Biotechnology, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin, China., Wu Q; State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China., Xin J; State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China., Yu Q; Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Mudanjiang, Mudanjiang, China., Ma Z; State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China., Xue M; Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China., Xu Q; State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China., Zheng C; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Microbiology spectrum [Microbiol Spectr] 2024 Jun 04; Vol. 12 (6), pp. e0046524. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 03.
DOI:	10.1128/spectrum.00465-24
Abstrakt:	Smallpox is a highly contagious human disease caused by the variola virus. Although the disease was eliminated in 1979 due to its highly contagious nature and historical pathogenicity, with a mortality rate of up to 30%, this virus is an important candidate for biological weapons. Currently, vaccines are the critical measures to prevent this virus infection and spread. In this study, we designed a peptide vaccine using immunoinformatics tools, which have the potential to activate human immunity against variola virus infection efficiently. The design of peptides derives from vaccine-candidate proteins showing protective potential in vaccinia WR strains. Potential non-toxic and nonallergenic T-cell and B-cell binding and cytokine-inducing epitopes were then screened through a priority prediction using special linkers to connect B-cell epitopes and T-cell epitopes, and an appropriate adjuvant was added to the vaccine construction to enhance the immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine. The 3D structure display, docking, and free energy calculation analysis indicate that the binding affinity between the vaccine peptide and Toll-like receptor 3 is high, and the vaccine receptor complex is highly stable. Notably, the vaccine we designed is obtained from the protective protein of the vaccinia and combined with preventive measures to avoid side effects. This vaccine is highly likely to produce an effective and safe immune response against the variola virus infection in the body. Importance: In this work, we designed a vaccine with a cluster of multiple T-cell/B-cell epitopes, which should be effective in inducing systematic immune responses against variola virus infection. Besides, this work also provides a reference in vaccine design for preventing monkeypox virus infection, which is currently prevalent. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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