Regeneration of exhausted adsorbents after PFAS adsorption: A critical review.

Autor: Vakili M; ORLEN UniCRE, a.s, Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic. Electronic address: mvakili1981@yahoo.com., Cagnetta G; Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China. Electronic address: gcagnetta@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn., Deng S; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China., Wang W; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xi'ning, Qinghai Province 810016, China., Gholami Z; ORLEN UniCRE, a.s, Revoluční 1521/84, 400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic., Gholami F; Department of Mathematics, Physics, and Technology, Faculty of Education, University of West Bohemia, Klatovská 51, Plzeň 301 00, Czech Republic., Dastyar W; Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering Department, McArthur Engineering Building, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA., Mojiri A; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA., Blaney L; University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of hazardous materials [J Hazard Mater] 2024 Jun 05; Vol. 471, pp. 134429. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 27.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134429
Abstrakt: The adsorption process efficiently removes per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from water, but managing exhausted adsorbents presents notable environmental and economic challenges. Conventional disposal methods, such as incineration, may reintroduce PFAS into the environment. Therefore, advanced regeneration techniques are imperative to prevent leaching during disposal and enhance sustainability and cost-effectiveness. This review critically evaluates thermal and chemical regeneration approaches for PFAS-laden adsorbents, elucidating their operational mechanisms, the influence of water quality parameters, and their inherent advantages and limitations. Thermal regeneration achieves notable desorption efficiencies, reaching up to 99% for activated carbon. However, it requires significant energy input and risks compromising the adsorbent's structural integrity, resulting in considerable mass loss (10-20%). In contrast, chemical regeneration presents a diverse efficiency landscape across different regenerants, including water, acidic/basic, salt, solvent, and multi-component solutions. Multi-component solutions demonstrate superior efficiency (>90%) compared to solvent-based solutions (12.50%), which, in turn, outperform salt (2.34%), acidic/basic (1.17%), and water (0.40%) regenerants. This hierarchical effectiveness underscores the nuanced nature of chemical regeneration, significantly influenced by factors such as regenerant composition, the molecular structure of PFAS, and the presence of organic co-contaminants. Exploring the conditional efficacy of thermal and chemical regeneration methods underscores the imperative of strategic selection based on specific types of PFAS and material properties. By emphasizing the limitations and potential of particular regeneration schemes and advocating for future research directions, such as exploring persulfate activation treatments, this review aims to catalyze the development of more effective regeneration processes. The ultimate goal is to ensure water quality and public health protection through environmentally sound solutions for PFAS remediation efforts.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication, and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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