Enhancing milk quality assessment with watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) urease immobilized on VS 2 -chitosan nanocomposite beads using response surface methodology.

Autor: Kumar P; School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India., Divya; School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India., Patel AK; Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India., Srivastava A; Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Electronic address: anchalbhu@gmail.com., Kayastha AM; School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. Electronic address: kayasthabhu@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Food chemistry [Food Chem] 2024 Sep 01; Vol. 451, pp. 139447. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 25.
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139447
Abstrakt: An eco-friendly hydrothermal method synthesized VS 2 nanosheets. Several spectroscopic and microscopic approaches (TEM) were used to characterize the produced VS 2 nanosheet microstructure. VS 2 , Chitosan, and nanocomposite were used to immobilize watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) urease. Optimization using the Response Surface Methodology and the Box-Behnken design yielded immobilization efficiencies of 65.23 %, 72.52 %, and 87.68 % for chitosan, VS 2 , and nanocomposite, respectively. The analysis of variance confirmed the mathematical model's validity, enabling additional research. AFM, SEM, FTIR, Fluorescence microscopy, and Cary Eclipse Fluorescence Spectrometer showed urease conjugation to the matrix. During and after immobilization, FTIR spectra showed a dynamic connectivity of chemical processes and bonding. The nanocomposite outperformed VS 2 and chitosan in pH and temperature. Chitosan and VS 2 -immobilized urease were more thermally stable than soluble urease, but the nanocomposite-urease system was even more resilient. The nanocomposite retained 60 % of its residual activity after three months of storage. It retains 91.8 % of its initial activity after 12 reuse cycles. Nanocomposite-immobilized urease measured milk urea at 23.62 mg/dl. This result was compared favorably to the gold standard p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde spectrophotometric result of 20 mg/dl. The linear range is 5 to 70 mg/dl, with a LOD of 1.07 (±0.05) mg/dl and SD of less than 5 %. The nanocomposite's k sel coefficient for interferents was exceptionally low (k sel  < 0.07), indicating urea detection sensitivity. Watermelon urease is suitable for dairy sector applications due to its availability, immobilization on nanocomposite, and reuse.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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