Drug use and COVID-19 testing, vaccination, and infection among underserved, minority communities in Miami, Florida.

Autor: Tamargo JA; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Martin HR; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Diaz-Martinez J; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Delgado-Enciso I; Faculty of Medicine, University of Colima, Las Víboras, Colima, Mexico.; Cancerology State Institute, Colima State Health Services, La Esperanza, Colima, Mexico., Johnson A; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Bastida Rodriguez JA; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Trepka MJ; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Brown DR; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Garba NA; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Roldan EO; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Hernandez Suarez Y; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Marty AM; Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Bursac Z; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Campa A; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America., Baum MK; Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Apr 30; Vol. 19 (4), pp. e0297327. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 30 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297327
Abstrakt: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately impacted people who use drugs (PWUD). This study explored relationships between drug use, COVID-19 testing, vaccination, and infection. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Miami, Florida between March 2021 and October 2022 as part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) initiative and the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) cohort. Users of cannabis, cocaine/crack, heroin/fentanyl, methamphetamines, hallucinogens, and/or prescription drug misuse in the previous 12 months were considered PWUD. Sociodemographic data, COVID-19 testing history, and vaccination-related beliefs were self-reported. Vaccinations were confirmed with medical records and positivity was determined with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) testing. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and logistic regression. Of 1,780 participants, median age was 57 years, 50.7% were male, 50.2% Non-Hispanic Black, and 66.0% reported an annual income less than $15,000. Nearly 28.0% used drugs. PWUD were less likely than non-users to self-report ever testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (14.7% vs. 21.0%, p = 0.006). However, 2.6% of participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with no significant differences between PWUD and non-users (3.7% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.076). PWUD were more likely than non-users to experience difficulties accessing testing (10.2% vs. 7.1%, p = 0.033), vaccine hesitancy (58.9% vs. 43.4%, p = 0.002) and had lower odds of receiving any dose of a COVID-19 vaccine compared to non-users (aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.49-0.81; p<0.001). PWUD presented with greater difficulties accessing COVID-19 testing, greater vaccine hesitancy, and lower odds of vaccination. Testing and immunization plans that are tailored to the needs of PWUD and consider access, trust-building campaigns, and education may be needed.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Tamargo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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