Prescription-based cost analysis of medicines for cardiovascular risk factors at Indian Council of Medical Research-Rational Use of Medicine Centre Hospitals of India.

Autor: Chugh PK; Department of Pharmacology, VMMC and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India., Gupta P; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Wasan H; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India., Tripathi CD; Department of Pharmacology, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India., Chandy SJ; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Ranjalkar J; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Bright HR; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, CMC, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India., Badyal DK; Department of Pharmacology, CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Samuel MP; Department of Pharmacology, CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Jhaj R; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Banerjee A; Department of Pharmacology, AIIMS, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India., Joshi R; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Medhi B; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Prakash A; Department of Pharmacology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India., Kamat S; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Tripathi R; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Shetty Y; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Parmar U; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India., Dikshit H; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Mishra H; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Roy SS; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Kumar R; Department of Pharmacology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India., Chatterjee S; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Bhattacharya M; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Samanta K; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India., Trivedi N; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Shah P; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Chauhan J; Department of Pharmacology, Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India., Ramasamy R; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Mathaiyan J; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Gauthaman J; Department of Pharmacology, JIPMER, Puducherry, India., Kaushal S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Jain S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Arora S; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Gupta K; Department of Pharmacology, DMCH, Ludhiana, Punjab, India., Cherian JJ; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ICMR, New Delhi, India., Chatterjee NS; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ICMR, New Delhi, India., Kshirsagar NA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, ICMR, New Delhi, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Indian journal of pharmacology [Indian J Pharmacol] 2024 Mar 01; Vol. 56 (2), pp. 97-104. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 30.
DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_61_23
Abstrakt: Objectives: India has taken several initiatives to provide health care to its population while keeping the related expenditure minimum. Since cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent chronic conditions, in the present study, we aimed to analyze the difference in prices of medicines prescribed for three cardiovascular risk factors, based on (a) listed and not listed in the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) and (b) generic and branded drugs.
Materials and Methods: Outpatient prescriptions for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were retrospectively analyzed from 12 tertiary centers. The prices of medicines prescribed were compared based on presence or absence in NLEM India-2015 and prescribing by generic versus brand name. The price was standardized and presented as average price per medicine per year for a given medicine. The results are presented in Indian rupee (INR) and as median (range).
Results: Of the 4,736 prescriptions collected, 843 contained oral antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and/or hypolipidemic medicines. The price per medicine per year for NLEM oral antidiabetics was INR 2849 (2593-3104) and for non-NLEM was INR 5343 (2964-14364). It was INR 806 (243-2132) for generic and INR 3809 (1968-14364) for branded antidiabetics. Antihypertensives and hypolipidemics followed the trend. The price of branded non-NLEM medicines was 5-22 times higher compared to generic NLEM which, for a population of 1.37 billion, would translate to a potential saving of 346.8 billion INR for statins. The variability was significant for sulfonylureas, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, and statins (P < 0.0001).
Conclusion: The study highlights an urgent need for intervention to actualize the maximum benefit of government policies and minimize the out-of-pocket expenditure on medicines.
(Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Indian Journal of Pharmacology.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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