Burn pit-related smoke causes developmental and behavioral toxicity in zebrafish: Influence of material type and emissions chemistry.

Autor:	Smoot J; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA., Padilla S; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Kim YH; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Hunter D; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Tennant A; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Hill B; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA., Lowery M; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA., Knapp BR; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA., Oshiro W; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Hazari MS; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Hays MD; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Preston WT; Consolidated Safety Services Inc., Durham, NC, USA., Jaspers I; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Gilmour MI; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA., Farraj AK; US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2024 Apr 14; Vol. 10 (8), pp. e29675. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 14 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29675
Abstrakt:	Combustion of mixed materials during open air burning of refuse or structural fires in the wildland urban interface produces emissions that worsen air quality, contaminate rivers and streams, and cause poor health outcomes including developmental effects. The zebrafish, a freshwater fish, is a useful model for quickly screening the toxicological and developmental effects of agents in such species and elicits biological responses that are often analogous and predictive of responses in mammals. The purpose of this study was to compare the developmental toxicity of smoke derived from the burning of 5 different burn pit-related material types (plywood, cardboard, plastic, a mixture of the three, and the mixture plus diesel fuel as an accelerant) in zebrafish larvae. Larvae were exposed to organic extracts of increasing concentrations of each smoke 6-to-8-hr post fertilization and assessed for morphological and behavioral toxicity at 5 days post fertilization. To examine chemical and biological determinants of toxicity, responses were related to emissions concentrations of polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH). Emissions from plastic and the mixture containing plastic caused the most pronounced developmental effects, including mortality, impaired swim bladder inflation, pericardial edema, spinal curvature, tail kinks, and/or craniofacial deformities, although all extracts caused concentration-dependent effects. Plywood, by contrast, altered locomotor responsiveness to light changes to the greatest extent. Some morphological and behavioral responses correlated strongly with smoke extract levels of PAHs including 9-fluorenone. Overall, the findings suggest that material type and emissions chemistry impact the severity of zebrafish developmental toxicity responses to burn pit-related smoke. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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