A Study of A1 and A2 Subtypes Among Whole-Blood Donors With Blood Groups A and AB at the Blood Center of a Tertiary Care Institute in Chhattisgarh.

Autor: Wasnik M; Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND., Lahare S; Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Patna, IND., Chandrakar R; Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND., Kashyap NK; Cardiothoracic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Raipur, IND.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Mar 27; Vol. 16 (3), pp. e57013. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 27 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57013
Abstrakt: Introduction: The ABO blood group shows various subtypes due to the heterogeneity of A and B alleles. The frequency of these subtypes varies in different populations. Studies related to the frequency of subtypes of blood groups A and AB are lacking in this region. So, we planned this study to estimate the prevalence of A 1  and A 2 subtypes among the healthy blood donor population.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study performed in the blood center of a teaching hospital in the Chhattisgarh state. Healthy whole-blood donors were included in the study after written informed consent. The conventional test tube method was used for performing forward and reverse blood grouping. Testing with anti-A 1 and anti-H lectin was performed in blood groups A and AB. Additional tests such as saliva testing for secretor status and adsorption-elution were performed if needed.
Results: Four thousand one hundred twelve donor samples were studied, out of which 1170 showed A antigen. Among 1170 samples, 74.6% were blood group A, and 25.4% were AB. Among blood group A, 92.3% were A 1  and 3.3% A 2 ,   and the rest were other subtypes, while in AB, it was 85.2% A 1 B and 14.8% A 2 B. Two cases of anti-A 1 antibodies were also noted, which were clinically insignificant.
Conclusion: We observed a significantly higher proportion of A 2 B than A 2 in our study population. We also found a large proportion of A int in the study participants. Testing with anti-A 1 and anti-H lectin is recommended in blood groups A and AB to determine various subtypes and prevent any incompatibility.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright © 2024, Wasnik et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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