Pattern of Clinical and Laboratory Presentation of Cerebral Malaria among Children in Nigeria.

Autor: Jegede TO; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Oseni SB; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria., Okeniyi JAO; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria., Kuti BP; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria., Adegoke SA; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria., Salau QA; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Bello EO; Department of Paediatrics, University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure, Ondo, Nigeria., Jegede TO; Department of Psychiatry, Federal Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Benin, Edo, Nigeria., Kareem AJ; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Oyelami OA; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria., Samuel IB; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Oluwatuyi KO; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Ekogiawe FT; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Obasohan SE; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Abazu IS; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria., Babalola EO; Department of Paediatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of global infectious diseases [J Glob Infect Dis] 2024 Mar 18; Vol. 16 (1), pp. 5-12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 18 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_100_23
Abstrakt: Introduction: Cerebral malaria (CM) is the most lethal form of severe malaria with high case fatality rates. Overtime, there is an inherent risk in changing pattern of presentation of CM which, if the diagnosis is missed due to these changing factors, may portend a poor outcome. Variations in the pattern of clinic-laboratory presentations also make generalization difficult. This study was, therefore, set out to report the pattern of clinical and laboratory presentation of CM.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among children aged 6 months to 14 years admitted with a diagnosis of CM as defined by the World Health Organization criteria. A pretested pro forma was filled, and detailed neurological examination and laboratory (biochemical, microbiology, and hematology) investigations were done. P <5% was considered statistically significant.
Results: Sixty-four children were recruited with a mean age of 34.9 ± 24.9 months and a male-to-female ratio of 1.9:1. There were 87.5% of under-five children. Fever (96.9%) was the major presenting feature closely followed by convulsions (92.2%). Convulsions were mainly generalized (94.9%) and multiple (76.5%). Profound coma (Blantyre coma score of 0) was present in 12.5% of cases, and the leading features on examination were fever (84.4%) and pallor (75.0%). Retinal vessel whitening (48.4%) was the most common funduscopic abnormality. Metabolic acidosis (47.9%), severe anemia (14.1%), hyperglycemia (17.2%), and hypoglycemia (7.8%) were seen among the children. Few (1.6%) had hyperparasitemia and bacteremia (3.2%).
Conclusion: Early recognition of the clinical presentation and prompt management may improve the outcome of cerebral malaria.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright: © 2024 Journal of Global Infectious Diseases.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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