| Autor: |
Poester VR; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil.; Mycology Laboratory of FAMED-FURG, Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil., Xavier MO; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil.; Mycology Laboratory of FAMED-FURG, Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil., Munhoz LS; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil.; Mycology Laboratory of FAMED-FURG, Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil., Basso RP; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande 96200-190, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil.; Mycology Laboratory of FAMED-FURG, Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil.; Hospital Universitário Dr. Miguel Riet Correa Jr., FURG/Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH), Rio Grande 96200-190, RS, Brazil., Zancopé-Oliveira RM; Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil., Freitas DFS; Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil., Pasqualotto AC; Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Dom Vicente Scherer, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90020-090, Brazil.; Medicine Department, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-075, RS, Brazil. |
| Abstrakt: |
Zoonotic sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis , has become hyperendemic and a serious public health issue in Brazil and an emerging disease throughout the world. Typical sporotrichosis is defined as fixed or lymphocutaneous lesion development, however, reports of atypical presentations have been described in hyperendemic areas, which may result in a worse prognosis. Thus, considering an increase in atypical cases and in more severe extracutaneous cases and hospitalizations reported in Brazil, we aimed to perform a systematic review to search for hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) and extracutaneous presentations associated with zoonotic sporotrichosis. A systematic review was performed, following the PRISMA guidelines to search for atypical/extracutaneous cases (mucosal, osteoarthritis, HRs, pulmonary, meningeal) of zoonotic sporotrichosis. A total of 791 published cases over 26 years (1998-2023) in eleven Brazilian states were reviewed. Most cases corresponded to a HR (47%; n = 370), followed by mucosal (32%; n = 256), multifocal (8%; n = 60), osteoarthritis (7%; n = 59), meningeal (4%; n = 32), and pulmonary (2%; n = 14) infections. When available (n = 607), the outcome was death in 7% (n = 43) of cases. Here, we show a frequent and worrisome scenario of zoonotic sporotrichosis in Brazil, with a high and dispersed incidence of atypical/extracutaneous cases throughout the Brazilian territory. Therefore, educational measures are necessary to make health professionals and the overall population aware of this fungal pathogen in Brazil as well as in other countries in the Americas. |
