Lactose intolerance and levothyroxine malabsorption: a review of the literature and report of a series of patients treated with liquid L-T4 without lactose.

Autor:	Ferrari SM; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Patrizio A; Department of Emergency Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy., Mazzi V; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Ragusa F; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Botrini C; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Elia G; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Balestri E; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Barozzi E; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Rugani L; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Bracchitta F; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Stoppini G; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Frenzilli G; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Baldini E; Department of Experimental Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy., Virili C; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Latina, Italy., Benvenga S; Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.; Adolescent and Women's Endocrine Health, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.; Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Martino', Messina, Italy., Fallahi P; Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy., Antonelli A; Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Area, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in endocrinology [Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)] 2024 Apr 11; Vol. 15, pp. 1386510. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 11 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fendo.2024.1386510
Abstrakt:	In hypothyroid patients needing large doses of levothyroxine (L-T4) (>1.7-2 μg/kg/day) to reach euthyroidism, lactose intolerance (LI) needs to be excluded, owing to the high prevalence in the population. If LI is present, a lactose-free diet decreases the rate of L-T4 malabsorption. However, an increased requirement of L-T4 is described in patients with LI, which can be beneficially treated using lactose-free L-T4 formulation. The lactose-free liquid L-T4 formulation is able to circumvent LI malabsorption leading to the normalization of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and long-term stable TSH levels. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Ferrari, Patrizio, Mazzi, Ragusa, Botrini, Elia, Balestri, Barozzi, Rugani, Bracchitta, Stoppini, Frenzilli, Baldini, Virili, Benvenga, Fallahi and Antonelli.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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