Do Muscle Mass and Body Fat Differ Between Elite and Amateur Natural Physique Athletes on Competition Day? A Preliminary, Cross-Sectional, Anthropometric Study.

Autor:	González-Cano H; ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain., Martín-Olmedo JJ; ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain., Baz-Valle E; ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain.; Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of País Vasco, Vizcaya, Spain., Contreras C; Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain., Schoenfeld BJ; Department of Exercise Science and Recreation, Applied Muscle Development Laboratory, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, New York., García-Ramos A; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.; Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile., Jiménez-Martínez P; ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain.; Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and., Alix-Fages C; ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain.; Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; and.; Applied Biomechanics and Sport Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of strength and conditioning research [J Strength Cond Res] 2024 May 01; Vol. 38 (5), pp. 951-956.
DOI:	10.1519/JSC.0000000000004697
Abstrakt:	Abstract: González-Cano, H, Martín-Olmedo, JJ, Baz-Valle, E, Contreras, C, Schoenfeld, BJ, García-Ramos, A, Jiménez-Martínez, P, and Alix-Fages, C. Do muscle mass and body fat differ between elite and amateur natural physique athletes on competition day? A preliminary, cross-sectional, anthropometric study. J Strength Cond Res 38(5): 951-956, 2024-Natural physique athletes strive to achieve low body fat levels while promoting muscle mass hypertrophy for competition day. This study aimed to compare the anthropometric characteristics of natural amateur (AMA) and professional (PRO) World Natural Bodybuilding Federation (WNBF) competitors. Eleven male natural physique athletes (6 PRO and 5 AMA; age = 24.8 ± 2.3 years) underwent a comprehensive anthropometric evaluation following the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry protocol within a 24-hour time frame surrounding the competition. The 5-component fractionation method was used to obtain the body composition profile of the muscle, adipose, bone, skin, and residual tissues. Five physique athletes exceeded the 5.2 cutoff point of muscle-to-bone ratio (MBR) for natural athletes. Professional physique athletes were older than AMA physique athletes (p = 0.05), and they also presented larger thigh girths (p = 0.005) and bone mass (p = 0.019) compared with AMA physique athletes. Although no statistically significant between-group differences were observed in body mass, height, or body fat levels, PRO physique athletes exhibited a higher body mass index (BMI; AMA: 24.45 ± 0.12; PRO: 25.52 ± 1.01; p = 0.048), lean body mass (LBM; AMA: 64.49 ± 2.35; PRO: 69.80 ± 3.78; p = 0.024), fat-free mass (FFM; AMA: 71.23 ± 3.21; PRO: 76.52 ± 4.31; p = 0.05), LBM index (LBMI; AMA: 20.65 ± 0.52; PRO: 21.74 ± 0.85; p = 0.034), and fat-free mass index index (FFMI; AMA: 22.80 ± 0.22; PRO: 23.83 ± 0.90; p = 0.037) compared with AMA physique athletes. These findings highlight the unique characteristics and anthropometric differences between PRO and AMA natural physique athletes on competition day, emphasizing the significance of age, thigh girth, bone mass, BMI, LBM, FFM, and FFMI in distinguishing these 2 groups. Based on our findings, the established boundaries for muscle mass in natural physique athletes, based on FFMI and MBR, warrant reconsideration. (Copyright © 2023 National Strength and Conditioning Association.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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