Fetal Sex as Moderating Factor for the Relationship Between Maternal Childhood Trauma and Salivary Kynurenic Acid and Tryptophan in Pregnancy: A Pilot Study.

Autor: Pedraz-Petrozzi B; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany., Lamadé EK; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany., Marszalek-Grabska M; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland., Trzpil A; Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland., Lindner O; Center for Child and Adolescent Health, Pediatrics, University Hospital of Freiburg, Germany., Meininger P; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Westpfalz-Klinikum, Kaiserslautern, Germany., Fornal E; Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland., Turski WA; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland., Witt SH; Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany., Gilles M; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany., Deuschle M; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR [Int J Tryptophan Res] 2024 Apr 23; Vol. 17, pp. 11786469241244603. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 23 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1177/11786469241244603
Abstrakt: Traumatic experiences and fetal development influence tryptophan (TRP) and its neuroactive byproduct, kynurenic acid (KYNA). Maternal TRP metabolite levels during pregnancy vary by fetal sex, with higher concentrations in mothers carrying male fetuses. This pilot study aimed to explore the relationship between offspring sex, maternal childhood trauma, and maternal salivary KYNA and TRP levels during pregnancy. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine KYNA and TRP levels in maternal saliva samples collected from 35 late-pregnancy participants. Maternal childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, including subscales for emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. Among mothers pregnant with boys, salivary KYNA significantly correlated with physical and emotional neglect, and salivary TRP with emotional neglect. No significant correlations were found in mothers who delivered female offspring. Significant associations of childhood trauma and offspring sex were found for salivary KYNA but not TRP concentrations. Mothers with higher trauma levels who delivered boys exhibited higher levels of salivary KYNA compared to those with lower trauma levels. Moreover, mothers with higher trauma levels who delivered boys had higher salivary KYNA levels than those with higher trauma levels who delivered girls. This pilot study provides evidence of an association between maternal childhood trauma and TRP metabolism, measured in saliva, especially in mothers pregnant with boys. However, longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these results.
Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
(© The Author(s) 2024.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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