Effects of expectation on face perception and its association with expertise.

Autor: Mares I; School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK. imares@ispa.pt.; William James Center for Research, Ispa - Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal. imares@ispa.pt., Smith FW; School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK., Goddard EJ; School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK., Keighery L; School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK.; Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK., Pappasava M; School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK.; Centre for Genomics and Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Ewing L; School of Psychology, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK., Smith ML; School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK.; Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Apr 24; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 9402. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 24.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59284-0
Abstrakt: Perceptual decisions are derived from the combination of priors and sensorial input. While priors are broadly understood to reflect experience/expertise developed over one's lifetime, the role of perceptual expertise at the individual level has seldom been directly explored. Here, we manipulate probabilistic information associated with a high and low expertise category (faces and cars respectively), while assessing individual level of expertise with each category. 67 participants learned the probabilistic association between a color cue and each target category (face/car) in a behavioural categorization task. Neural activity (EEG) was then recorded in a similar paradigm in the same participants featuring the previously learned contingencies without the explicit task. Behaviourally, perception of the higher expertise category (faces) was modulated by expectation. Specifically, we observed facilitatory and interference effects when targets were correctly or incorrectly expected, which were also associated with independently measured individual levels of face expertise. Multivariate pattern analysis of the EEG signal revealed clear effects of expectation from 100 ms post stimulus, with significant decoding of the neural response to expected vs. not stimuli, when viewing identical images. Latency of peak decoding when participants saw faces was directly associated with individual level facilitation effects in the behavioural task. The current results not only provide time sensitive evidence of expectation effects on early perception but highlight the role of higher-level expertise on forming priors.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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