Understanding the factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Venezuela.

Autor: Chacón-Labrador FR; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Passantino MG; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Psychology, Universidad Católica Andrés Bello, Caracas, Venezuela., Moncada-Ortega A; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Ávila AA; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Moreno AA; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Kuffaty-Akkou NA; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Pedroza LM; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Camejo-Ávila NA; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela., Mendoza-Millán DL; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Rodriguez-Saavedra CM; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela., Marcano-Rojas MV; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela., Hernández-Medina F; Immunogenetics Section, Pathophysiology Laboratory, Centro de Medicina Experimental 'Miguel Layrisse', Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Altos de Pipe, Venezuela., Grillet ME; Vector and Parasite Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, School of Sciences, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela., Carrión-Nessi FS; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela. fhabiancarrion@gmail.com.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. fhabiancarrion@gmail.com.; Immunogenetics Section, Pathophysiology Laboratory, Centro de Medicina Experimental 'Miguel Layrisse', Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Altos de Pipe, Venezuela. fhabiancarrion@gmail.com., Forero-Peña DA; Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela. vacter.cv@gmail.com.; School of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. vacter.cv@gmail.com.; Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela. vacter.cv@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2024 Apr 23; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 1117. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 23.
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18598-4
Abstrakt: Background: Despite nearly a quarter of Venezuelans remaining unvaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy in the country have not been thoroughly investigated.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 15 th to 30 th , 2022, using a knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) survey to identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
Results: The study analyzed data from 1,930 participants from all 24 states of Venezuela. The majority (93.4%) were vaccinated. The mean age was 40 years, predominantly female (67.3%), and held a university degree (70.6%). The mean KAP score was significantly higher among vaccinated individuals compared to unvaccinated ones (7.79 vs. 3.94 points for knowledge, 40 vs. 24 points for attitudes, and 16 vs. 10 points for practices, all p < 0.001). Increases in the scores for KAP were associated with increased odds of being vaccinated (84.6%, 25.6%, and 33% respectively for each one-point increase, all p < 0.001). Certain demographic factors such as marital status, occupation, religious beliefs, monthly income, and location influence COVID-19 vaccine knowledge. Higher income and certain occupations decrease the odds of low knowledge, while residing in specific states increases it. Attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine are influenced by age, health status, vaccination status, and location. Higher income and absence of certain health conditions decrease the odds of negative attitudes. Lastly, age, occupation, monthly income, and location affect vaccine practices. Advanced age and higher income decrease the odds of inappropriate practices, while residing in La Guaira state increases them.
Conclusion: Factors such as age, education level, occupation, monthly income, and location were found to be associated with knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccine among the surveyed Venezuelans.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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