Oculomotor Abnormalities and Aberrant Neuro-Developmental Markers: Composite Endophenotype for Bipolar I Disorder: Anomalies Oculomotrices et Marqueurs Neuro-Développementaux Aberrants : Endophénotype Composite du Trouble Bipolaire I.

Autor:	Ritish D; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India., Reddy PV; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India., Sreeraj VS; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India., Chhabra H; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India., Kumar V; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India., Venkatasubramanian G; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India., Muralidharan K; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie [Can J Psychiatry] 2024 Aug; Vol. 69 (8), pp. 590-597. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 23.
DOI:	10.1177/07067437241248048
Abstrakt:	Background: Neurological soft signs (NSSs), minor physical anomalies (MPAs), and oculomotor abnormalities were plausible biomarkers in bipolar disorder (BD). However, specific impairments in these markers in patients after the first episode mania (FEM), in comparison with first-degree relatives (high risk [HR]) of BD and healthy subjects (health control [HC]) are sparse. Aim of the Study: This study aimed at examining NSSs, MPAs, and oculomotor abnormalities in remitted adult subjects following FEM and HR subjects in comparison with matched healthy controls. Investigated when taken together, could serve as composite endophenotype for BD. Methods: NSSs, MPAs, and oculomotor abnormalities were evaluated in FEM ( n  = 31), HR ( n  = 31), and HC ( n  = 30) subjects, matched for age (years) ( p  = 0.44) and sex ( p  = 0.70) using neurological evaluation scale, Waldrop's physical anomaly scale and eye tracking (SPEM) and antisaccades (AS) paradigms, respectively. Results: Significant differences were found between groups on NSSs, MPAs, and oculomotor parameters. Abnormalities are higher in FEM subjects compared to HR and HC subjects. Using linear discriminant analysis, all 3 markers combined accurately classified 72% of the original 82 subjects (79·2% BD, 56·70% HR, and 82·1% HC subjects). Conclusions: AS and SPEM could enhance the utility of NSSs, and MPAs as markers for BD. The presence of these abnormalities in FEM suggests their role in understanding the etiopathogenesis of BD in patients who are in the early course of illness. These have the potential to be composite endophenotypes and have further utility in early identification in BD. Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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