Parkinsonism originates in a discrete secondary and dystonia in a primary motor cortical-basal ganglia subcircuit.

Autor: Kumbhare D; Department of Neurosurgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Richmond Institute for Veterans Research, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA., Weistroffer G; Richmond Institute for Veterans Research, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Department Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA., Goyanaga S; Richmond Institute for Veterans Research, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA., Huang ZL; Richmond Institute for Veterans Research, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA., Blagg J; Richmond Institute for Veterans Research, Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA., Baron MS; Southeast Parkinson's Disease Research, Education and Clinical Center (PADRECC), Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA.; Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of neuroscience research [J Neurosci Res] 2024 Apr; Vol. 102 (4), pp. e25328.
DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25328
Abstrakt: Although manifesting contrasting phenotypes, Parkinson's disease and dystonia, the two most common movement disorders, can originate from similar pathophysiology. Previously, we demonstrated that lesioning (silencing) of a discrete dorsal region in the globus pallidus (rodent equivalent to globus pallidus externa) in rats and produced parkinsonism, while lesioning a nearby ventral hotspot-induced dystonia. Presently, we injected fluorescent-tagged multi-synaptic tracers into these pallidal hotspots (n = 36 Long Evans rats) and permitted 4 days for the viruses to travel along restricted connecting pathways and reach the motor cortex before sacrificing the animals. Viral injections in the Parkinson's hotspot fluorescent labeled a circumscribed region in the secondary motor cortex, while injections in the dystonia hotspot labeled within the primary motor cortex. Custom probability mapping and N200 staining affirmed the segregation of the cortical territories for Parkinsonism and dystonia to the secondary and primary motor cortices. Intracortical microstimulation localized territories specifically to their respective rostral and caudal microexcitable zones. Parkinsonian features are thus explained by pathological signaling within a secondary motor subcircuit normally responsible for initiation and scaling of movement, while dystonia is explained by abnormal (and excessive) basal ganglia signaling directed at primary motor corticospinal transmission.
(© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Neuroscience Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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