Innervated adrenomedullary microphysiological system to model nicotine and opioid exposure.

Autor:	Soucy JR; Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA., Burchett G; Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA., Brady R; Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA., Nichols K; Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA., Breault DT; Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Life Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Koppes AN; Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.; Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA., Koppes RA; Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Organs-on-a-chip [Organs Chip] 2021 Nov; Vol. 3. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 22.
DOI:	10.1016/j.ooc.2021.100009
Abstrakt:	Transition to extrauterine life results in a surge of catecholamines necessary for increased cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic activity. Mechanisms mediating adrenomedullary catecholamine release are poorly understood. Important mechanistic insight is provided by newborns delivered by cesarean section or subjected to prenatal nicotine or opioid exposure, demonstrating impaired release of adrenomedullary catecholamines. To investigate mechanisms regulating adrenomedullary innervation, we developed compartmentalized 3D microphysiological systems (MPS) by exploiting GelPins , capillary pressure barriers between cell-laden hydrogels. The MPS comprises discrete cultures of adrenal chromaffin cells and preganglionic sympathetic neurons within a contiguous bioengineered microtissue. Using this model, we demonstrate that adrenal chromaffin innervation plays a critical role in hypoxia-mediated catecholamine release. Opioids and nicotine were shown to affect adrenal chromaffin cell response to a reduced oxygen environment, but neurogenic control mechanisms remained intact. GelPin containing MPS represent an inexpensive and highly adaptable approach to study innervated organ systems and improve drug screening platforms. Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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