Tree water uptake patterns across the globe.

Autor: Bachofen C; Plant Ecology Research Laboratory PERL, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPFL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Functional Plant Ecology, Community Ecology Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape WSL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland., Tumber-Dávila SJ; Department of Environmental Studies, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.; Harvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA, 01316, USA., Mackay DS; Department of Geography, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14261, USA., McDowell NG; Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, USA.; School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, USA., Carminati A; Physics of Soils and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland., Klein T; Plant & Environmental Sciences Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel., Stocker BD; Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, 3013, Switzerland.; Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, 3013, Bern, Switzerland., Mencuccini M; CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain.; ICREA at CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, 08193, Spain., Grossiord C; Plant Ecology Research Laboratory PERL, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, EPFL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Functional Plant Ecology, Community Ecology Unit, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape WSL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The New phytologist [New Phytol] 2024 Jun; Vol. 242 (5), pp. 1891-1910. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 22.
DOI: 10.1111/nph.19762
Abstrakt: Plant water uptake from the soil is a crucial element of the global hydrological cycle and essential for vegetation drought resilience. Yet, knowledge of how the distribution of water uptake depth (WUD) varies across species, climates, and seasons is scarce relative to our knowledge of aboveground plant functions. With a global literature review, we found that average WUD varied more among biomes than plant functional types (i.e. deciduous/evergreen broadleaves and conifers), illustrating the importance of the hydroclimate, especially precipitation seasonality, on WUD. By combining records of rooting depth with WUD, we observed a consistently deeper maximum rooting depth than WUD with the largest differences in arid regions - indicating that deep taproots act as lifelines while not contributing to the majority of water uptake. The most ubiquitous observation across the literature was that woody plants switch water sources to soil layers with the highest water availability within short timescales. Hence, seasonal shifts to deep soil layers occur across the globe when shallow soils are drying out, allowing continued transpiration and hydraulic safety. While there are still significant gaps in our understanding of WUD, the consistency across global ecosystems allows integration of existing knowledge into the next generation of vegetation process models.
(© 2024 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2024 New Phytologist Foundation.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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