Current state and advances in desensitization for peanut allergy in pediatric age.

Autor: Foti Randazzese S; Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, Messina, Italy., Panasiti I; Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, Messina, Italy., Caminiti L; Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, Messina, Italy., Catamerò F; Allergy Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.; Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Landi M; Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Pediatric National Healthcare System, Turin, Italy., De Filippo M; Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy., Votto M; Pediatric Unit, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.; Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy., Olcese R; Allergy Center, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy., Favuzza F; Pediatric Unit, Hospital Holy Family Fatebenefratelli Company, Erba, Italy., Giovannini M; Allergy Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.; Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Barberi S; Pediatric Unit, ASST-Rhodense, RHO, Milan, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology [Pediatr Allergy Immunol] 2024 Apr; Vol. 35 (4), pp. e14127.
DOI: 10.1111/pai.14127
Abstrakt: Peanut allergy affects about 1%-3% of the pediatric population in the world, with an important increase in the last decades. Nowadays, international guidelines recommend the early introduction of peanuts in the infant diet, with poor information about the quantity and the frequency of the intake. Allergen immunotherapy may represent the only therapeutic strategy able to modify the natural history of peanut allergy. In particular, oral immunotherapy showed the most promising results in terms of efficacy, but with significant rates of adverse reactions, mostly gastrointestinal. In 2020, the Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency approved Palforzia®, an oral drug for patients aged 4-17 years. Several studies are ongoing to improve the tolerability of oral immunotherapy and standardize the desensitization protocols. Sublingual immunotherapy permits to offer much lower doses than oral immunotherapy, but fewer adverse events are shown. Subcutaneous immunotherapy is associated with the greatest systemic adverse effects. Epicutaneous immunotherapy, for which Viaskin® patch was approved, has the highest safety profile. Innovative studies are evaluating the use of biological drugs, such as omalizumab or dupilumab, and probiotics, such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus, in monotherapy or associated with oral immunotherapy. Therapy for peanut allergy is constantly evolving, and new perspectives are ongoing to develop.
(© 2024 European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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