Prevalence of dietary supplement consumption among CrossFit practitioners.

Autor: Dos Santos Quaresma MVL; Centro Universitário São Camilo, Curso de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP Brazil., Marques CG; Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil., Magalhães ACO; Centro Universitário São Camilo, Curso de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP Brazil.; Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil., Cirillo L; Centro Universitário São Camilo, Curso de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP Brazil., Ciudi RB; Centro Universitário São Camilo, Curso de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP Brazil., Oliveira LS; Centro Universitário São Camilo, Curso de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP Brazil., Dos Santos RVT; Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil.; Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, SP Brazil., Nakamoto FP; Centro Universitário São Camilo, Curso de Nutrição, São Paulo, SP Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nutrire : revista de Sociedade Brasileira de Alimentacao e Nutricao = journal of the Brazilian Society of Food and Nutrition [Nutrire] 2023; Vol. 48 (1), pp. 9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 13.
DOI: 10.1186/s41110-023-00193-z
Abstrakt: Purpose: We aimed to verify the prevalence of dietary supplements among CrossFit practitioners (CFPs), considering gender and training status. Still, we aimed to determine the type, reasons, and associated factors of dietary supplement utilization among CFPs.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional, exploratory, and descriptive study with the snowball sampling method. Data were collected through online questionnaires using the Google Forms® tool. We included CFPs aged 18-64 years, from Aug 1, 2020, to Sept 31, 2020. The questionnaire contained questions to assess the prevalence, type, and reasons for supplement use; also, we assessed information about sociodemographic variables and the prevalence of the main chronic morbidities. To analyze aspects of eating behavior and sleep-related parameters, we applied the three-factor eating questionnaire (TFEQ)-R21 and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI), respectively.
Results: We assessed one hundred twelve ( n  = 112; 57 men; 55 women) CFPs (28.9 ± 7.64 years old; body mass index (BMI), 25.5 ± 4.83 kg/m 2 ). Eighty-seven (50 men; 37 women; 28.2 ± 6.66 years old; BMI, 25.4 ± 4.55 kg/m 2 ) reported using dietary supplements. Whey protein was the most used supplement ( n  = 70), followed by creatine ( n  = 54). Cognitive restraint (a dimension of eating behavior) score was higher in supplement users than in non-users (51.7 ± 18.6 vs. 42.6 ± 20.5; p  = 0.040). Sleep-related parameters did not differ between supplement users and non-users. The most associated factors to supplement use were sex (being man; OR, 7.99; p  = 0.007), sleep quality (poor; OR, 5.27; p  = 0.045), CrossFit level (as prescribed (RX); OR, 4.51; p  = 0.031), and cognitive restraint (OR, 1.03; p  = 0.029).
Conclusion: The CFPs, especially RX and Elite ones, showed a higher prevalence of supplement utilization. Anabolic-related supplements (i.e., whey protein and creatine) were the most used; moreover, several CFPs used supplements not supported by scientific evidence. Cognitive restraint score was higher in supplement users than in non-users. RX level, being men, and poor sleep quality were associated with supplement utilization. These data draw attention to the necessity of nutritional education for CrossFit coaches and athletes. Broader studies are necessary to confirm our findings.
Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests.Conflict of interestThe authors declare no competing interests.
(© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023, Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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