Colonial-driven extinction of the blue antelope despite genomic adaptation to low population size.

Autor:	Hempel E; Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany; Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: hempel.elisabeth@posteo.org., Faith JT; Natural History Museum of Utah, University of Utah, 301 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Anthropology, University of Utah, 260 South Central Campus Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; Origins Centre, University of the Witwatersrand, 2000 Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa., Preick M; Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany., de Jager D; Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark., Barish S; Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX 75247, USA., Hartmann S; Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany., Grau JH; Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC 20008, USA; Amedes Genetics, Amedes Medizinische Dienstleistungen GmbH, 10117 Berlin, Germany., Moodley Y; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, Republic of South Africa., Gedman G; Form Bio, Dallas, TX 75247, USA., Pirovich KM; Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX 75247, USA; Form Bio, Dallas, TX 75247, USA., Bibi F; Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany., Kalthoff DC; Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden., Bocklandt S; Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX 75247, USA., Lamm B; Colossal Biosciences, Dallas, TX 75247, USA., Dalén L; Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Palaeogenetics, Svante Arrhenius väg 20c, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: love.dalen@zoologi.su.se., Westbury MV; Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: m.westbury@sund.ku.dk., Hofreiter M; Evolutionary Adaptive Genomics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. Electronic address: michael.hofreiter@uni-potsdam.de.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current biology : CB [Curr Biol] 2024 May 06; Vol. 34 (9), pp. 2020-2029.e6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 12.
DOI:	10.1016/j.cub.2024.03.051
Abstrakt:	Low genomic diversity is generally indicative of small population size and is considered detrimental by decreasing long-term adaptability. ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ ^, ⁶ Moreover, small population size may promote gene flow with congeners and outbreeding depression. ⁷ ^, ⁸ ^, ⁹ ^, ¹⁰ ^, ¹¹ ^, ¹² ^, ¹³ Here, we examine the connection between habitat availability, effective population size (N e ), and extinction by generating a 40× nuclear genome from the extinct blue antelope (Hippotragus leucophaeus). Historically endemic to the relatively small Cape Floristic Region in southernmost Africa, ¹⁴ ^, ¹⁵ populations were thought to have expanded and contracted across glacial-interglacial cycles, tracking suitable habitat. ¹⁶ ^, ¹⁷ ^, ¹⁸ However, we found long-term low N e , unaffected by glacial cycles, suggesting persistence with low genomic diversity for many millennia prior to extinction in ∼AD 1800. A lack of inbreeding, alongside high levels of genetic purging, suggests adaptation to this long-term low N e and that human impacts during the colonial era (e.g., hunting and landscape transformation), rather than longer-term ecological processes, were central to its extinction. Phylogenomic analyses uncovered gene flow between roan (H. equinus) and blue antelope, as well as between roan and sable antelope (H. niger), approximately at the time of divergence of blue and sable antelope (∼1.9 Ma). Finally, we identified the LYST and ASIP genes as candidates for the eponymous bluish pelt color of the blue antelope. Our results revise numerous aspects of our understanding of the interplay between genomic diversity and evolutionary history and provide the resources for uncovering the genetic basis of this extinct species' unique traits. Competing Interests: Declaration of interests M.H. and L.D. are on the advisory board of Colossal Biosciences and hold stock options. S. Bocklandt, K.M.P., G.G., and S. Barish are employed by Colossal Biosciences or FormBio. B.L. is CEO of Colossal Biosciences. (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu