Extracellular Vesicle-Related Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Overview.

Autor: Augello G; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy., Cusimano A; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy.; Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy., Cervello M; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy., Cusimano A; Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cancers [Cancers (Basel)] 2024 Apr 04; Vol. 16 (7). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 04.
DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071415
Abstrakt: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. It is a major public health problem worldwide, and it is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when no effective treatment options are available. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized double-layer lipid vesicles containing various biomolecule cargoes, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs are released from nearly all types of cells and have been shown to play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. In recent years, many studies have investigated the role of EVs in cancer, including HCC. Emerging studies have shown that EVs play primary roles in the development and progression of cancer, modulating tumor growth and metastasis formation. Moreover, it has been observed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) carried by tumor cell-derived EVs promote tumorigenesis, regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and playing critical roles in the progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune escape, and drug resistance of HCC. EV-related ncRNAs can provide information regarding disease status, thus encompassing a role as biomarkers. In this review, we discuss the main roles of ncRNAs present in HCC-derived EVs, including micro(mi) RNAs, long non-coding (lnc) RNAs, and circular (circ) RNAs, and their potential clinical value as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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