The language network as a natural kind within the broader landscape of the human brain.

Autor: Fedorenko E; Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. evelina9@mit.edu.; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. evelina9@mit.edu.; The Program in Speech and Hearing in Bioscience and Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. evelina9@mit.edu., Ivanova AA; School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA., Regev TI; Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.; McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature reviews. Neuroscience [Nat Rev Neurosci] 2024 May; Vol. 25 (5), pp. 289-312. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 12.
DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00802-4
Abstrakt: Language behaviour is complex, but neuroscientific evidence disentangles it into distinct components supported by dedicated brain areas or networks. In this Review, we describe the 'core' language network, which includes left-hemisphere frontal and temporal areas, and show that it is strongly interconnected, independent of input and output modalities, causally important for language and language-selective. We discuss evidence that this language network plausibly stores language knowledge and supports core linguistic computations related to accessing words and constructions from memory and combining them to interpret (decode) or generate (encode) linguistic messages. We emphasize that the language network works closely with, but is distinct from, both lower-level - perceptual and motor - mechanisms and higher-level systems of knowledge and reasoning. The perceptual and motor mechanisms process linguistic signals, but, in contrast to the language network, are sensitive only to these signals' surface properties, not their meanings; the systems of knowledge and reasoning (such as the system that supports social reasoning) are sometimes engaged during language use but are not language-selective. This Review lays a foundation both for in-depth investigations of these different components of the language processing pipeline and for probing inter-component interactions.
(© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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