Gene pool preservation across time and space In Mongolian-speaking Oirats.

Autor: Balinova N; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye Str. 1, 115522, Moscow, Russia. balinovs@mail.ru., Hudjašov G; Core Facility of Genomics, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Pankratov V; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Pennarun E; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Reidla M; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Metspalu E; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Batyrov V; Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov, Pushkina Str. 11, 358000, Elista, Russia., Khomyakova I; Anuchin Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mokhovaya Str., 11, 125009, Moscow, Russia., Reisberg T; Core Facility of Genomics, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Parik J; Core Facility of Genomics, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Dzhaubermezov M; Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 Prospekt Oktyabrya Str., 450054, Ufa, Russia.; Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education 'Ufa University of Science and Technology', 32 Zaki Validi Str., 450076, Ufa, Russia., Aiyzhy E; Tuvan State University, Kyzyl, Russian Federation, Lenina Str., 36, 667000, Kyzyl, Republiс of Tuva, Russia., Balinova A; Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Kislovsky Pereulok, 1, 125009, Moscow, Russia., El'chinova G; Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moskvorechye Str. 1, 115522, Moscow, Russia., Spitsyna N; Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt, 32 А, 119334, Moscow, Russia., Khusnutdinova E; Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 Prospekt Oktyabrya Str., 450054, Ufa, Russia.; Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Education 'Ufa University of Science and Technology', 32 Zaki Validi Str., 450076, Ufa, Russia., Metspalu M; Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Tambets K; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Villems R; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia., Kushniarevich A; Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23B, 51010, Tartu, Estonia. alena.kushniarevich@ut.ee.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of human genetics : EJHG [Eur J Hum Genet] 2024 Sep; Vol. 32 (9), pp. 1150-1158. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 11.
DOI: 10.1038/s41431-024-01588-w
Abstrakt: The Oirats are a group of Mongolian-speaking peoples residing in Russia, China, and Mongolia, who speak Oirat dialects of the Mongolian language. Migrations of nomadic ethnopolitical formations of the Oirats across the Eurasian Steppe during the Late Middle Ages/early Modern times resulted in a wide geographic spread of Oirat ethnic groups from present-day northwestern China in East Asia to the Lower Volga region in Eastern Europe. In this study, we generate new genome-wide and mitochondrial DNA data for present-day Oirat-speaking populations from Kalmykia in Eastern Europe, Western Mongolia, and the Xinjiang region of China, as well as Issyk-Kul Sart-Kalmaks from Central Asia, and historically related ethnic groups from Altai, Tuva, and Northern Mongolia to study the genetic structure and history of the Oirats. Despite their spatial and temporal separation, small current population census, both the Kalmyks of Eastern Europe and the Oirats of Western Mongolia in East Asia are characterized by strong genetic similarity, high effective population size, and low levels of interpopulation structure. This contrasts the fine genetic structure observed today at a smaller geographic scale in traditionally sedentary populations, and is conditioned by high mobility and marriage practices (traditional strict exogamy) in nomadic groups. Conversely, the genetic profile of the Issyk-Kul Sart-Kalmaks suggests a distinct source(s) of genetic ancestry, along with indications of isolation and genetic drift compared to other Oirats. Our results also show that there was limited gene flow between the ancestors of the Oirats and the Altaians during the late Middle Ages. Source of the yurt image: https://www.vecteezy.com/free-vector/yurt .
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: