The Nanoscale Structure and Stability of Organic Photovoltaic Blends Processed with Solvent Additives.

Autor: Kilbride RC; Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom., Spooner ELK; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom.; The Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PY, United Kingdom., Burg SL; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom., Oliveira BL; Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, P-1049-001, Portugal., Charas A; Instituto de Telecomunicações, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa, P-1049-001, Portugal., Bernardo G; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal.; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal., Dalgliesh R; ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom., King S; ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom., Lidzey DG; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom., Jones RAL; Department of Materials, The University of Manchester, Sackville Street Building, Manchester, M1 3BB, United Kingdom., Parnell AJ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield, S3 7RH, United Kingdom.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) [Small] 2024 Aug; Vol. 20 (33), pp. e2311109. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 10.
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311109
Abstrakt: Controlling the nanomorphology in bulk heterojunction photoactive blends is crucial for optimizing the performance and stability of organic photovoltaic (OPV) technologies. A promising approach is to alter the drying dynamics and consequently, the nanostructure of the blend film using solvent additives such as 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO). Although this approach is demonstrated extensively for OPV systems incorporating fullerene-based acceptors, it is unclear how solvent additive processing influences the morphology and stability of nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) systems. Here, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is used to probe the nanomorphology of two model OPV systems processed with DIO: a fullerene-based system (PBDB-T:PC 71 BM) and an NFA-based system (PBDB-T:ITIC). To overcome the low intrinsic neutron scattering length density contrast in polymer:NFA blend films, the synthesis of a deuterated NFA analog (ITIC-d 52 ) is reported. Using SANS, new insights into the nanoscale evolution of fullerene and NFA-based systems are provided by characterizing films immediately after fabrication, after thermal annealing, and after aging for 1 year. It is found that DIO processing influences fullerene and NFA-based systems differently with NFA-based systems characterized by more phase-separated domains. After long-term aging, SANS reveals both systems demonstrate some level of thermodynamic induced domain coarsening.
(© 2024 The Authors. Small published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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