The expression of empathy in human's closest relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees: current and future directions.

Autor: Brooker JS; Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK., Webb CE; Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA., de Waal FBM; Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA., Clay Z; Department of Psychology, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society [Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc] 2024 Aug; Vol. 99 (4), pp. 1556-1575. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 10.
DOI: 10.1111/brv.13080
Abstrakt: Empathy is a complex, multi-dimensional capacity that facilitates the sharing and understanding of others' emotions. As our closest living relatives, bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (P. troglodytes) provide an opportunity to explore the origins of hominin social cognition, including empathy. Despite certain assumptions that bonobos and chimpanzees may differ empathically, these species appear to overlap considerably in certain socio-emotional responses related to empathy. However, few studies have systematically tested for species variation in Pan empathic or socio-emotional tendencies. To address this, we synthesise the growing literature on Pan empathy to inform our understanding of the selection pressures that may underlie the evolution of hominin empathy, and its expression in our last common ancestor. As bonobos and chimpanzees show overlaps in their expression of complex socio-emotional phenomena such as empathy, we propose that group comparisons may be as or more meaningful than species comparisons when it comes to understanding the evolutionary pressures for such behaviour. Furthermore, key differences, such as how humans and Pan communicate, appear to distinguish how we experience empathy compared to our closest living relatives.
(© 2024 The Authors. Biological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Cambridge Philosophical Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: