The first confirmed outbreak of chikungunya reported in Timor-Leste, 2024.

Autor:	Machado FN; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública de Timor-Leste, Comoro, Timor-Leste., Draper ADK; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste.; National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.; Centre for Disease Control, Public Health Unit, Top End Health Service, Northern Territory Government Department of Health, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia., Monteiro Fernandes A; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste., Dos Santos FBA; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública de Timor-Leste, Comoro, Timor-Leste., Mali MA; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública de Timor-Leste, Comoro, Timor-Leste., Pereira Tilman AJ; Laboratorio Nacional da Saude, Bidau, Timor-Leste., Soares da Silva E; Laboratorio Nacional da Saude, Bidau, Timor-Leste., Hornay E; Laboratorio Nacional da Saude, Bidau, Timor-Leste., Salles de Sousa A; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste.; Laboratorio Nacional da Saude, Bidau, Timor-Leste., Oakley T; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste.; Laboratorio Nacional da Saude, Bidau, Timor-Leste., Cruz ED; Centro de Saude Internamento, Ermera, Timor-Leste., Sarmento N; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste., Niha MAV; Surveillance Department, Ministry of Health, Caicoli, Timor-Leste.; World Health Organization, Timor-Leste Office, Caicoli, Timor-Leste., Soares AF; Surveillance Department, Ministry of Health, Caicoli, Timor-Leste., Cardoso Gomes EE; World Health Organization, Timor-Leste Office, Caicoli, Timor-Leste., de Deus Alves J; Centro de Saude Comoro, Comoro, Timor-Leste., Soares JP; Centro de Saude Internamento, Ermera, Timor-Leste., Francis JR; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste., Yan J; Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Dili, Timor-Leste., Monteiro MA; Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública de Timor-Leste, Comoro, Timor-Leste.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Communicable diseases intelligence (2018) [Commun Dis Intell (2018)] 2024 Apr 10; Vol. 48. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 10.
DOI:	10.33321/cdi.2024.48.17
Abstrakt:	Abstract: Timor-Leste is a mountainous, half-island nation with a population of 1.3 million, which shares a land border with Indonesia and is 550 km from Darwin, Australia. Since independence in 2002, Timor-Leste has achieved significant development; however, high levels of poverty remain. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is endemic in over 100 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe and in the Americas. It is transmitted by the bite of infected Aedes aegypti or Ae. albopictus mosquitoes, which are present in Timor-Leste and which contribute to annual rainy-season dengue virus (DENV) outbreaks. Symptomatic people typically suffer from acute onset of fever, usually accompanied by severe arthritis or arthralgia. Joint pain can be debilitating for several days, and may sometimes last for weeks, months or years. Unlike DENV infection which has significant mortality, most people recover completely. Between 2002 and 2023, there were 26 cases of CHIKV notified in Australia who acquired their infection in Timor-Leste; however, laboratory testing capability for CHIKV in Timor-Leste only became available in 2021 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The first locally diagnosed case was notified in November 2023. In January 2024, an outbreak of CHIKV was recognised in Timor-Leste for the first time, with 195 outbreak cases reported during 1-31 January 2024; all were PCR positive. There were no cases hospitalised, and no deaths. The median age of cases was 17 years (range 1-76 years); 51% were males. Cases were reported across the country; most (88/195) were from Dili, although the highest incidence was seen in the neighbouring municipality of Ermera (monthly incidence rate of 58.8 cases per 100,000 population). This first reported outbreak of CHIKV in Timor-Leste highlights the need for improved mosquito-borne illness control and response strategies, including minimising breeding sites and promoting early presentation for treatment and differential diagnosis from DENV, and consideration of the deployment of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, particularly as they have shown to reduce the transmission of CHIKV, DENV and Zika virus, all of which pose threats in Timor-Leste. (© Commonwealth of Australia CC BY-NC-ND.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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