Altered COVID-19 immunity in children with asthma by atopic status.

Autor: Tong S; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Scott JC; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Eyoh E; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Werthmann DW; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, La., Stone AE; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Murrell AE; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Sabino-Santos G; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Trinh IV; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Chandra S; Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Elliott DH; Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Smira AR; Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Velazquez JV; Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Wash., Schieffelin J; Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Ning B; Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La.; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Hu T; Center for Cellular and Molecular Diagnostics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La.; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Kolls JK; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Landry SJ; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Zwezdaryk KJ; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Robinson JE; Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La., Gunn BM; Paul G. Allen School of Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Wash., Rabito FA; Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, La., Norton EB; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, La.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global [J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob] 2024 Feb 29; Vol. 3 (2), pp. 100236. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100236
Abstrakt: Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes a spectrum of clinical outcomes that may be complicated by severe asthma. Antiviral immunity is often compromised in patients with asthma; however, whether this is true for SARS-CoV-2 immunity and children is unknown.
Objective: We aimed to evaluate SARS-CoV-2 immunity in children with asthma on the basis of infection or vaccination history and compared to respiratory syncytial viral or allergen (eg, cockroach, dust mite)-specific immunity.
Methods: Fifty-three children from an urban asthma study were evaluated for medical history, lung function, and virus- or allergen-specific immunity using antibody or T-cell assays.
Results: Polyclonal antibody responses to spike were observed in most children from infection and/or vaccination history. Children with atopic asthma or high allergen-specific IgE, particularly to dust mites, exhibited reduced seroconversion, antibody magnitude, and SARS-CoV-2 virus neutralization after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. T H 1 responses to SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus correlated with antigen-respective IgG. Cockroach-specific T-cell activation as well as IL-17A and IL-21 cytokines negatively correlated with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and effector functions, distinct from total and dust mite IgE. Allergen-specific IgE and lack of vaccination were associated with recent health care utilization. Reduced lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 second ≤ 80%) was independently associated with (SARS-CoV-2) peptide-induced cytokines, including IL-31, whereas poor asthma control was associated with cockroach-specific cytokine responses.
Conclusion: Mechanisms underpinning atopic and nonatopic asthma may complicate the development of memory to SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination and lead to a higher risk of repeated infection in these children.
(© 2024 The Authors.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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