Impact of different sterilisation techniques on sorption and NER formation of test chemicals in soil.

Autor: Süßmuth R; Institute of Geology and Palaeontology - Applied Geology, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149, Münster, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany. Electronic address: rebecca.suessmuth@ime.fraunhofer.de., Shrestha P; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany. Electronic address: prasit.shrestha@ime.fraunhofer.de., Andrea Diaz Navarrete C; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany. Electronic address: cecilia.andrea.diaz.navarrete@ime.fraunhofer.de., Wege FF; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany. Electronic address: franziska-frederike.wege@ime.fraunhofer.de., Achten C; Institute of Geology and Palaeontology - Applied Geology, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149, Münster, Germany. Electronic address: achten@uni-muenster.de., Hennecke D; Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Auf dem Aberg 1, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany. Electronic address: dieter.hennecke@ime.fraunhofer.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Chemosphere [Chemosphere] 2024 Jun; Vol. 357, pp. 141915. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 04.
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141915
Abstrakt: Standard OECD tests are used to generate data on biodegradation (OECD 307) and sorption (OECD 106) of test chemicals in soil. In such tests, data on abiotic degradation using sterile samples are utilised to investigate any losses due to abiotic processes. The data from sterile samples are also used to interpret results and findings of non-sterile samples, especially in the context of sorption and non-extractable residue (NER) formation. However, to ensure the comparability of the data obtained from sterile and non-sterile experiments, effects of sterilisation on the soil matrix should be minimal. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiencies of different sterilisation techniques and the impact of the sterilisation on sorption and NER formation in soil. In this study, experiments in accordance with OECD 307 and OECD 106 guidelines were performed with two soils covering wide range of soil characteristics and treated with the three sterilisation techniques autoclaving, gamma(γ)-radiation and adding 1% (w/w) sodium azide. As a test item, 14 C-labelled phenanthrene and bromoxynil was used for OECD 307 test, whereas non-labelled phenanthrene and atrazine was used for OECD 106. The sterilisation efficiencies were investigated using traditional viable plate count and molecular approaches (RNA extraction method). The results suggest that none of the tested techniques resulted in completely sterilised soil with autoclaving being the most efficient technique. Adding sodium azide led to most inefficient sterilisation and a significant increase (0.56 units) in soil pH. OECD 307 results showed differences in NER formation of the test chemicals, especially for soil poisoning and γ-radiation, which could be due to inefficient sterilisation and/or change in soil physico-chemical properties. OECD 106 results suggest that none of the sterilisation techniques considerably affected sorption behaviour of the test chemicals. Based on our results, we recommend autoclaving as most suitable sterilisation technique.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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