Cutaneous manifestations of myelodysplastic syndrome: A systematic review.

Autor: Tan XL; Department of Dermatology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK.; St Bartholomew's Hospital Barts Health NHS Trust London UK., Vatopoulou T; Department of Haematology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK., Siddique A; St George's University of London London UK., Kolovos A; St George's University of London London UK., Lamb RC; Department of Dermatology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK., Fleming C; Department of Dermatology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK., Ferguson L; Department of Dermatology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK., Akhras V; Department of Dermatology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK., Jiyad Z; Department of Dermatology St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust London UK.; Population Health Research Institute St George's University of London London UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Skin health and disease [Skin Health Dis] 2024 Feb 01; Vol. 4 (2), pp. e323. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 01 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1002/ski2.323
Abstrakt: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may present with specific skin lesions, such as leukaemia cutis, which is a well known poor prognostic marker of leukaemia with a high risk of acute leukaemic transformation. However, less is known regarding non-specific cutaneous manifestations of MDS including the prevalence, types and their prognostic and therapeutic significance, which we aimed to determine through this systematic review. We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Medline and EMBASE) from inception up to 26 January 2023 for studies reporting cutaneous manifestations of MDS. Eighty eight articles (case reports n  = 67, case series n  = 21), consisting of 134 patients were identified. We identified 6 common cutaneous manifestations: neutrophilic dermatoses ( n  = 64), vasculitis ( n  = 21), granulomatous ( n  = 8), connective tissue disease (CTD) ( n  = 7; composed of dermatomyositis ( n  = 5), cutaneous lupus erythematosus ( n  = 1), and systemic sclerosis ( n  = 1)), panniculitis ( n  = 4), immunobullous ( n  = 1), and other ( n  = 29). Cutaneous features either occurred at time of MDS diagnosis in 25.3%, preceding the diagnosis in 34.7% (range 0.5-216 months), or after diagnosis in 40.0% (range 1-132 months). Prognosis was poor (40.2% death) with 34.1% progressing to acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). 50% of those with MDS who progressed to AML had neutrophilic dermatoses ( p  = 0.21). Myelodysplastic syndrome was fatal in 39.2% of neutrophilic dermatoses (median time from onset of cutaneous manifestation: 12 months), 50% of vasculitis (7.5 months), 62.5% of granulomatous (15.5 months) and 14.3% of CTD (7 months). Recognition of patterns of cutaneous features in MDS will improve early diagnosis and risk stratification according to subtype and associated prognosis.
Competing Interests: None to declare.
(© 2023 The Authors. Skin Health and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Association of Dermatologists.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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