The internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence polymorphism brings updates to tsetse species distribution in the northern Cameroon: Importance in planning efficient vector control.

Autor: Feudjio Soffack S; Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Melachio Tanekou TT; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon.; Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK., Farikou O; Faculty of Health Science, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon., Kame Ngasse GI; Centre for Research on Health and Priority Pathologies, IMPM, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Tchami Mbagnia MC; Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon., Wondji M; Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK., Wondji CS; Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), Yaoundé, Cameroon.; Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK., Abd-Alla AMM; Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria., Geiger A; UMR177, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-CIRAD, Montpellier, France., Simo G; Molecular Parasitology and Entomology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Njiokou F; Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Medical and veterinary entomology [Med Vet Entomol] 2024 Jun; Vol. 38 (2), pp. 216-226. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 02.
DOI: 10.1111/mve.12717
Abstrakt: Vector control remains one of the best strategies to prevent the transmission of trypanosome infections in humans and livestock and, thus, a good way to achieve the elimination of human African trypanosomiasis and animal African trypanosomiasis. A key prerequisite for the success of any vector control strategy is the accurate identification and correct mapping of tsetse species. In this work, we updated the tsetse fly species identification and distribution in many geographical areas in Cameroon. Tsetse flies were captured from six localities in Cameroon, and their species were morphologically identified. Thereafter, DNA was extracted from legs of each tsetse fly and the length polymorphism of internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS1) region of each fly was investigated using PCR. ITS1 DNA fragments of each tsetse species were sequenced. The sequences obtained were analysed and compared to those available in GenBank. This enabled to confirm/infirm results of the morphologic identification and then, to establish the phylogenetic relationships between tsetse species. Morphologic features allowed to clearly distinguish all the tsetse species captured in the South Region of Cameroon, that is, Glossina palpalis palpalis, G. pallicera, G. caliginea and G. nigrofusca. In the northern area, G. morsitans submorsitans could also be distinguished from G. palpalis palpalis, G. tachinoides and G. fuscipes, but these three later could not be distinguished with routine morphological characters. The ITS1 length polymorphism was high among most of the studied species and allowed to identify the following similar species with a single PCR, that is, G. palpalis palpalis with 241 or 242 bp and G. tachinoides with 221 or 222 bp, G. fuscipes with 236 or 237 bp. We also updated the old distribution of tsetse species in the areas assessed, highlighting the presence of G. palpalis palpalis instead of G. fuscipes in Mbakaou, or in sympatry with G. morsitans submorsitans in Dodeo (northern Cameroon). This study confirms the presence of G. palpalis palpalis in the Adamawa Region of Cameroon. It highlights the limits of using morphological criteria to differentiate some tsetse species. Molecular tools based on the polymorphism of ITS1 of tsetse flies can differentiate tsetse species through a simple PCR before downstream analyses or vector control planning.
(© 2024 The Authors. Medical and Veterinary Entomology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Entomological Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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