Resveratrol and vascular health: evidence from clinical studies and mechanisms of actions related to its metabolites produced by gut microbiota.

Autor:	Godos J; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Romano GL; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna 'Kore', Enna, Italy., Gozzo L; Clinical Pharmacology Unit/Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico 'G. Rodolico-S. Marco', Catania, Italy., Laudani S; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Paladino N; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Dominguez Azpíroz I; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.; Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Angola.; Universidad de La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic., Martínez López NM; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.; Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, Mexico.; Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia., Giampieri F; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy., Quiles JL; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.; Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnologico de la Salud, Granada, Spain.; Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Granada, Spain., Battino M; Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.; Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China., Galvano F; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Drago F; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Grosso G; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.; Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in pharmacology [Front Pharmacol] 2024 Mar 18; Vol. 15, pp. 1368949. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 18 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fphar.2024.1368949
Abstrakt:	Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with dietary factors being the main risk contributors. Diets rich in bioactive compounds, such as (poly)phenols, have been shown to potentially exert positive effects on vascular health. Among them, resveratrol has gained particular attention due to its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Nevertheless, the results in humans are conflicting possibly due to interindividual different responses. The gut microbiota, a complex microbial community that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract, has been called out as potentially responsible for modulating the biological activities of phenolic metabolites in humans. The present review aims to summarize the main findings from clinical trials on the effects of resveratrol interventions on endothelial and vascular outcomes and review potential mechanisms interesting the role of gut microbiota on the metabolism of this molecule and its cardioprotective metabolites. The findings from randomized controlled trials show contrasting results on the effects of resveratrol supplementation and vascular biomarkers without dose-dependent effect. In particular, studies in which resveratrol was integrated using food sources, i.e., red wine, reported significant effects although the resveratrol content was, on average, much lower compared to tablet supplementation, while other studies with often extreme resveratrol supplementation resulted in null findings. The results from experimental studies suggest that resveratrol exerts cardioprotective effects through the modulation of various antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hypertensive pathways, and microbiota composition. Recent studies on resveratrol-derived metabolites, such as piceatannol, have demonstrated its effects on biomarkers of vascular health. Moreover, resveratrol itself has been shown to improve the gut microbiota composition toward an anti-inflammatory profile. Considering the contrasting findings from clinical studies, future research exploring the bidirectional link between resveratrol metabolism and gut microbiota as well as the mediating effect of gut microbiota in resveratrol effect on cardiovascular health is warranted. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Godos, Romano, Gozzo, Laudani, Paladino, Dominguez Azpíroz, Martínez López, Giampieri, Quiles, Battino, Galvano, Drago and Grosso.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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