Glycaemic Effects of a 156-km Ultra-trail Race in Athletes: An Observational Field Study.

Autor: Parent C; Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France.; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Mauvieux B; UR 7480 Vertex - Université de Caen, Caen, France., Lespagnol E; Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France., Hingrand C; UR 7480 Vertex - Université de Caen, Caen, France., Vauthier JC; Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine - Département du Grand Est de Recherche en Soins Primaires, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France.; Laboratoire Interpsy (UR 4432), Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France., Noirez P; Institute for Research in bioMedicine and Epidemiology of Sport (IRMES), Paris, France.; T3S, INSERM UMR-S 1124, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.; Département des Sciences de l'activité Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, Canada.; PSMS, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France., Hurdiel R; Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France., Martinet Q; PSMS, University of Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France., Delaunay PL; UR 7480 Vertex - Université de Caen, Caen, France., Besnard S; UR 7480 Vertex - Université de Caen, Caen, France.; CHU de Caen, Caen, France., Heyman J; CNRS, UMR 6118, Transferts d'eau et de Matière dans les Milieux Hétérogènes Complexes - Géosciences, Université Rennes, Rennes, France., Gabel V; UR 7480 Vertex - Université de Caen, Caen, France., Baron P; Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France., Gamelin FX; Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France., Maboudou P; Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU de Lille, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Lille, France., Rabasa-Lhoret R; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Jouffroy R; Intensive Care Unit, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Boulogne Billancourt, France.; Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations - U1018, INSERM - Paris Saclay University, Paris, France.; EA 7329 - Institut de Recherche Médicale et d'Épidémiologie du Sport - Institut National du Sport, de l'Expertise et de la Performance, Paris, France., Heyman E; Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France. elsa.heyman@univ-lille.fr.; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France. elsa.heyman@univ-lille.fr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) [Sports Med] 2024 Aug; Vol. 54 (8), pp. 2169-2184. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 30.
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02013-4
Abstrakt: Background: Ultra-trail running races pose appreciable physiological challenges, particularly for glucose metabolism. Previous studies that yielded divergent results only measured glycaemia at isolated times.
Objectives: We aimed to explore the impact of an ultra-endurance race on continuously measured glycaemia and to understand potential physiological mechanisms, as well as the consequences for performance and behavioural alertness.
Methods: Fifty-five athletes (78% men, 43.7 ± 9.6 years) ran a 156-km ultra-trail race (six 26-km laps, total elevation 6000 m). Participants wore a masked continuous glucose monitoring sensor from the day before the race until 10 days post-race. Blood was taken at rest, during refuelling stops after each lap, and after 24-h recovery. Running intensity (% heart rate reserve), performance (lap times), psychological stress, and behavioural alertness were explored. Linear mixed models and logistic regressions were carried out.
Results: No higher risk of hypo- or hyperglycaemia was observed during the exercise phases of the race (i.e. excluding stops for scientific measurements and refuelling) compared with resting values. Laps comprising a greater proportion of time spent at maximal aerobic intensity were nevertheless associated with more time > 180 mg/dL (P = 0.021). A major risk of hyperglycaemia appeared during the 48-h post-race period compared with pre-race (P < 0.05), with 31.9% of the participants spending time with values > 180 mg/dL during recovery versus 5.5% during resting. Changes in circulating insulin, cortisol, and free fatty acids followed profiles comparable with those usually observed during traditional aerobic exercise. However, creatine phosphokinase, and to a lesser extent lactate dehydrogenase, increased exponentially during the race (P < 0.001) and remained high at 24-h post-race (P < 0.001; respectively 43.6 and 1.8 times higher vs. resting). Glycaemic metrics did not influence physical performance or behavioural alertness.
Conclusion: Ultra-endurance athletes were exposed to hyperglycaemia during the 48-h post-race period, possibly linked to muscle damage and inflammation. Strategies to mitigate muscle damage or subsequent inflammation before or after ultra-trail races could limit recovery hyperglycaemia and hence its related adverse health consequences.
Trial Registration Number: NCT05538442 2022-09-21 retrospectively registered.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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