Evolution of attack in handball when playing 7 vs. 6 with empty goal between 2020 and 2023: coaches' perception vs. observational results.

Autor: Prudente JN; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.; Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal., Cardoso AR; Higher School of Technologies and Management, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal., Rodrigues AJ; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.; Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.; Research Center in Sports Sciences and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal., Mendes JN; Higher School of Technologies and Management, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal., Fernando C; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.; Centre for Tourism Research, Development and Innovation, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal., Lopes H; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.; Research Center in Sports Sciences and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal., Trejo-Silva A; Instituto Superior de Educación Física, University of the Republic, Montevideo, Uruguay.; Young Men's Christian Association University Institute, Montevideo, Uruguay., Sousa DF; Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Frontiers in sports and active living [Front Sports Act Living] 2024 Mar 14; Vol. 6, pp. 1354623. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 14 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1354623
Abstrakt: Introduction: Recently, several studies on the 7 vs. 6 "empty goal" (EG) in handball have produced different and even contradictory results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the behavior of teams and players in the 7 vs. 6 EG attack in the European (Euro) and World Championships (WCh) between 2020 and 2023 and characterize the coaches' perceptions.
Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used, consisting of the following: (i) an observational methodology and instrument developed and validated to collect observational data on player and team behavior; and (ii) a developed and validated questionnaire to coaches on their perceptions of the 7 vs. 6 game. Observational data were collected during the Euro 2020 and 2022 games ( n  = 62) and the WCh 2021 and 2023 games ( n  = 70). A total of 132 games and 391 situations of 7 vs. 6 attacking sequences were observed. In total, 156 coaches participated (146 men), with a mean age 42.33 ± 11.87 years, 19 nationalities, and with 12.77 ± 9.45 years of experience.
Results and Discussion: The choice of 7 vs. 6 offensive play was mostly made in the second half (>73%). The effectiveness of 7 vs. 6 offensive sequences was higher in the top six teams than in the team's ranked 7th to 12th (Euro 2020 51.6%-50.0%; WCh 2021 52.0%-50.0%; Euro 2022 53.1%-41.7%; WCh 2023 50.0%-43.8%). Some patterns of association were found ( p  < 0.05 and with values >±1.96): (i) scoring a goal with a breakthrough shot was significantly associated with the effectiveness of the 7 vs. 6 attack (Euro 2020 2.61; WCh 2021 2.87; Euro 2022 2.68; WCh 2023 2.32); (ii) teams in the top six significantly used 7 vs. 6 when they were winning (Euro 2020 2.17; WCh 2021 3.52; Euro 2022 5.88; WCh 2023 2.54); and (iii) teams in the bottom six used it when they were losing by at least four goals (Euro 2020 7.56; Euro 2022 6.64; WCh 2023 4.37) or when they were winning by four goals or more (WCh 2021 2.58). Coaches that agree with the possibility of playing 7 vs. 6 (74.4%), rarely or never do so (55.6%) because it brings little or no advantage (52.6%). The results of the analysis confirmed the perception of the coaches, the low use of 7 vs. 6, the low advantage associated with it, and the influence of the result and the moment of the game on its use.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(© 2024 Prudente, Cardoso, Rodrigues, Mendes, Fernando, Lopes, Trejo-Silva and Sousa.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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