Trade-offs shaping transmission of sylvatic dengue and Zika viruses in monkey hosts.

Autor: Hanley KA; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA. khanley@nmsu.edu., Cecilia H; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA., Azar SR; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.; Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA., Moehn BA; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA., Gass JT; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA., Oliveira da Silva NI; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA., Yu W; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA., Yun R; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA., Althouse BM; Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, USA.; Information School, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA., Vasilakis N; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.; Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.; Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA., Rossi SL; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.; Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.; Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Mar 27; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 2682. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 27.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46810-x
Abstrakt: Mosquito-borne dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses originated in Old World sylvatic (forest) cycles involving monkeys and canopy-living Aedes mosquitoes. Both viruses spilled over into human transmission and were translocated to the Americas, opening a path for spillback into Neotropical sylvatic cycles. Studies of the trade-offs that shape within-host dynamics and transmission of these viruses are lacking, hampering efforts to predict spillover and spillback. We infected a native, Asian host species (cynomolgus macaque) and a novel, American host species (squirrel monkey) with sylvatic strains of DENV-2 or ZIKV via mosquito bite. We then monitored aspects of viral replication (viremia), innate and adaptive immune response (natural killer (NK) cells and neutralizing antibodies, respectively), and transmission to mosquitoes. In both hosts, ZIKV reached high titers that translated into high transmission to mosquitoes; in contrast DENV-2 replicated to low levels and, unexpectedly, transmission occurred only when serum viremia was below or near the limit of detection. Our data reveal evidence of an immunologically-mediated trade-off between duration and magnitude of virus replication, as higher peak ZIKV titers are associated with shorter durations of viremia, and higher NK cell levels are associated with lower peak ZIKV titers and lower anti-DENV-2 antibody levels. Furthermore, patterns of transmission of each virus from a Neotropical monkey suggest that ZIKV has greater potential than DENV-2 to establish a sylvatic transmission cycle in the Americas.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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