The lower airway microbiome in paediatric health and chronic disease.

Autor: Campbell S; School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow., Gerasimidis K; School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow., Milling S; School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow., Dicker AJ; Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee., Hansen R; Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee., Langley RJ; Department of Paediatric Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow. Electronic address: ross.langley@ggc.scot.nhs.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Paediatric respiratory reviews [Paediatr Respir Rev] 2024 Feb 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2024.02.001
Abstrakt: The advent of next generation sequencing has rapidly challenged the paediatric respiratory physician's understanding of lung microbiology and the role of the lung microbiome in host health and disease. In particular, the role of "microbial key players" in paediatric respiratory disease is yet to be fully explained. Accurate profiling of the lung microbiome in children is challenging since the ability to obtain lower airway samples coupled with processing "low-biomass specimens" are both technically difficult. Many studies provide conflicting results. Early microbiota-host relationships may be predictive of the development of chronic respiratory disease but attempts to correlate lower airway microbiota in premature infants and risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) have produced mixed results. There are differences in lung microbiota in asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF). The increased abundance of oral taxa in the lungs may (or may not) promote disease processes in asthma and CF. In CF, correlation between microbiota diversity and respiratory decline is commonly observed. When one considers other pathogens beyond the bacterial kingdom, the contribution and interplay of fungi and viruses within the lung microbiome further increase complexity. Similarly, the interaction between microbial communities in different body sites, such as the gut-lung axis, and the influence of environmental factors, including diet, make the co-existence of host and microbes ever more complicated. Future, multi-omics approaches may help uncover novel microbiome-based biomarkers and therapeutic targets in respiratory disease and explain how we can live in harmony with our microbial companions.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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