Unraveling root and rhizosphere traits in temperate maize landraces and modern cultivars: Implications for soil resource acquisition and drought adaptation.

Autor: Wild AJ; Agroecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany., Steiner FA; Soil Science, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany., Kiene M; Animal Ecology I, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany., Tyborski N; Ecological Microbiology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany., Tung SY; Institute for Agroecology and Organic Farming, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Freising, Germany.; School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany., Koehler T; Soil Physics, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.; Physics of Soils and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Carminati A; Physics of Soils and Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Eder B; Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), Freising, Germany., Groth J; Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), Freising, Germany., Vahl WK; Institute for Crop Science and Plant Breeding, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), Freising, Germany., Wolfrum S; Institute for Agroecology and Organic Farming, Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture, Freising, Germany., Lueders T; Ecological Microbiology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany., Laforsch C; Animal Ecology I, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany., Mueller CW; Chair of Soil Science, Institute of Ecology, Technische Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark., Vidal A; Soil Biology Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Pausch J; Agroecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Plant, cell & environment [Plant Cell Environ] 2024 Jul; Vol. 47 (7), pp. 2526-2541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 22.
DOI: 10.1111/pce.14898
Abstrakt: A holistic understanding of plant strategies to acquire soil resources is pivotal in achieving sustainable food security. However, we lack knowledge about variety-specific root and rhizosphere traits for resource acquisition, their plasticity and adaptation to drought. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to phenotype root and rhizosphere traits (mean root diameter [Root D], specific root length [SRL], root tissue density, root nitrogen content, specific rhizosheath mass [SRM], arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF] colonization) of 16 landraces and 22 modern cultivars of temperate maize (Zea mays L.). Our results demonstrate that landraces and modern cultivars diverge in their root and rhizosphere traits. Although landraces follow a 'do-it-yourself' strategy with high SRLs, modern cultivars exhibit an 'outsourcing' strategy with increased mean Root Ds and a tendency towards increased root colonization by AMF. We further identified that SRM indicates an 'outsourcing' strategy. Additionally, landraces were more drought-responsive compared to modern cultivars based on multitrait response indices. We suggest that breeding leads to distinct resource acquisition strategies between temperate maize varieties. Future breeding efforts should increasingly target root and rhizosphere economics, with SRM serving as a valuable proxy for identifying varieties employing an outsourcing resource acquisition strategy.
(© 2024 The Authors. Plant, Cell & Environment published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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