| Autor: |
Margolis ET; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University., Davel L; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Bourke NJ; Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London., Bosco C; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University., Zieff MR; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Monachino AD; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University., Mazubane T; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Williams SR; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Miles M; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Jacobs CA; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Williams S; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Bradford L; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Knipe C; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Madi Z; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Methola B; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Mhlakwaphalwa T; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Mlandu N; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Nkubungu K; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Goolam Nabi Z; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Pan T; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Samuels R; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Pini N; New York State Psychiatric Institute, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University., Klepac-Ceraj V; Department of Biological Sciences, Wellesley College., Fifer WP; New York State Psychiatric Institute, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University., Alexander DC; Department of Computer Science, University College London., Jones DK; School of Psychology, Cardiff University., Williams SCR; Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London., Amso D; Department of Psychology, Columbia University., Donald KA; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town., Gabard-Durnam LJ; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University. |
| Abstrakt: |
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) affects neurodevelopment in over 59 million individuals globally. Prior studies using dichotomous categorization of alcohol use and comorbid substance exposures provide limited knowledge of how prenatal alcohol specifically impacts early human neurodevelopment. In this longitudinal cohort study from Cape Town, South Africa, PAE is measured continuously-characterizing timing, dose, and drinking patterns (i.e., binge drinking). High-density electroencephalography (EEG) during a visual-evoked potential (VEP) task was collected from infants aged 8 to 52 weeks with prenatal exposure exclusively to alcohol and matched on sociodemographic factors to infants with no substance exposure in utero. First trimester alcohol exposure related to altered timing of the P1 VEP component over the first 6 months postnatally, and first trimester binge drinking exposure altered timing of the P1 VEP components such that increased exposure was associated with longer VEP latencies while increasing age was related to shorter VEP latencies ( n = 108). These results suggest alcohol exposure in the first trimester may alter visual neurodevelopmental timing in early infancy. Exploratory individual-difference analysis across infants with and without PAE tested the relation between VEP latencies and myelination for a subsample of infants with usable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T1w and T2w scans collected at the same time point as EEG ( n = 47). Decreased MRI T1w/T2w ratios (an indicator of myelin) in the primary visual cortex ( n = 47) were linked to longer P1 VEP latencies. Results from these two sets of analyses suggest that prenatal alcohol and postnatal myelination may both separately impact VEP latency over infancy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved). |
