Broad host range phages target global Clostridium perfringens bacterial strains and clear infection in five-strain model systems.

Autor:	Thanki AM; Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Leicester Centre for Phage Research, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom., Osei EK; Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Ireland.; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College, Cork, Ireland., Whenham N; AB Agri, Innovation Way, Peterborough Business Park, Peterborough, United Kingdom., Salter MG; AB Agri, Innovation Way, Peterborough Business Park, Peterborough, United Kingdom., Bedford MR; AB Vista, Woodstock Court, Marlborough Business Park, Marlborough, Wiltshire, United Kingdom., Masey O'Neill HV; AB Agri, Innovation Way, Peterborough Business Park, Peterborough, United Kingdom., Clokie MRJ; Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, Leicester Centre for Phage Research, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Microbiology spectrum [Microbiol Spectr] 2024 May 02; Vol. 12 (5), pp. e0378423. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 21.
DOI:	10.1128/spectrum.03784-23
Abstrakt:	Clostridium perfringens is a prevalent bacterial pathogen in poultry, and due to the spread of antimicrobial resistance, alternative treatments are needed to prevent and treat infection. Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that kill bacteria, offer a viable option and can be used therapeutically to treat C. perfringens infections. The aim of this study was to isolate phages against C. perfringens strains currently circulating on farms across the world and establish their virulence and development potential using host range screening, virulence assays, and larva infection studies. We isolated 32 phages of which 19 lysed 80%-92% of our global C. perfringens poultry strain collection ( n = 97). The virulence of these individual phages and 32 different phage combinations was quantified in liquid culture at multiple doses. We then developed a multi-strain C. perfringens larva infection model, to mimic an effective poultry model used by the industry. We tested the efficacy of 16/32 phage cocktails in the larva model. From this, we identified that our phage cocktail consisting of phages CPLM2, CPLM15, and CPLS41 was the most effective at reducing C. perfringens colonization in infected larvae when administered before bacterial challenge. These data suggest that phages do have significant potential to prevent and treat C. perfringens infection in poultry. Importance: Clostridium perfringens causes foodborne illness worldwide, and 95% of human infections are linked to the consumption of contaminated meat, including chicken products. In poultry, C. perfringens infection causes necrotic enteritis, and associated mortality rates can be up to 50%. However, treating infections is difficult as the bacterium is becoming antibiotic-resistant. Furthermore, the poultry industry is striving toward reduced antibiotic usage. Bacteriophages (phages) offer a promising alternative, and to progress this approach, robust suitable phages and laboratory models that mimic C. perfringens infections in poultry are required. In our study, we isolated phages targeting C. perfringens and found that many lyse C. perfringens strains isolated from chickens worldwide. Consistent with other published studies, in the model systems we assayed here, when some phages were combined as cocktails, the infection was cleared most effectively compared to individual phage use. Competing Interests: The research was funded by Ab Agri, the global feed manufacturing company. They were not involved in designing experiments and data analysis. This will all be Anisha M. Thanki and Martha R.J. Clokie at the University of Leicester.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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