Climate change and broiler production.

Autor: Oke OE; Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.; Centre of Excellence in Poultry Sciences, University of Lome, Lome, Togo., Akosile OA; Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria., Uyanga VA; Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA., Oke FO; Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria., Oni AI; Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria., Tona K; Centre of Excellence in Poultry Sciences, University of Lome, Lome, Togo., Onagbesan OM; Department of Animal Physiology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary medicine and science [Vet Med Sci] 2024 May; Vol. 10 (3), pp. e1416.
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1416
Abstrakt: Climate change has emerged as a significant occurrence that adversely affects broiler production, especially in tropical climates. Broiler chickens, bred for rapid growth and high meat production, rely heavily on optimal environmental conditions to achieve their genetic potential. However, climate change disrupts these conditions and poses numerous challenges for broiler production. One of the primary impacts of climate change on broiler production is the decreased ability of birds to attain their genetic potential for faster growth. Broilers are bred to possess specific genetic traits that enable them to grow rapidly and efficiently convert feed into meat. However, in tropical climates affected by climate change, the consequent rise in daily temperatures, increased humidity and altered precipitation patterns create an unfavourable environment for broilers. These conditions impede their growth and development, preventing them from reaching their maximum genetic influence, which is crucial for achieving desirable production outcomes. Furthermore, climate change exacerbates the existing challenges faced by broiler production systems. Higher feed costs impact the industry's economic viability and limit the availability of quality nutrition for the birds, further hampering their growth potential. In addition to feed scarcity, climate change also predisposes broiler chickens to thermal stress. This review collates existing information on climate change and its impact on broiler production, including nutrition, immune function, health and disease susceptibility. It also summarizes the challenges of broiler production under hot and humid climate conditions with different approaches to ameliorating the effects of harsh climatic conditions in poultry.
(© 2024 The Authors. Veterinary Medicine and Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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