Epigenetic control of microglial immune responses.

Autor: Scholz R; Immunogenomics & Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.; Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany., Brösamle D; Biomedical Center (BMC), Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.; Neuroimmunology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.; Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany., Yuan X; Biomedical Center (BMC), Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.; Neuroimmunology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.; Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany., Beyer M; Immunogenomics & Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.; Systems Medicine, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany.; Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) and University of Bonn and West German Genome Center, Bonn, Germany., Neher JJ; Biomedical Center (BMC), Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.; Neuroimmunology and Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany.; Department of Cellular Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Immunological reviews [Immunol Rev] 2024 May; Vol. 323 (1), pp. 209-226. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 16.
DOI: 10.1111/imr.13317
Abstrakt: Microglia, the major population of brain-resident macrophages, are now recognized as a heterogeneous population comprising several cell subtypes with different (so far mostly supposed) functions in health and disease. A number of studies have performed molecular characterization of these different microglial activation states over the last years making use of "omics" technologies, that is transcriptomics, proteomics and, less frequently, epigenomics profiling. These approaches offer the possibility to identify disease mechanisms, discover novel diagnostic biomarkers, and develop new therapeutic strategies. Here, we focus on epigenetic profiling as a means to understand microglial immune responses beyond what other omics methods can offer, that is, revealing past and present molecular responses, gene regulatory networks and potential future response trajectories, and defining cell subtype-specific disease relevance through mapping non-coding genetic variants. We review the current knowledge in the field regarding epigenetic regulation of microglial identity and function, provide an exemplary analysis that demonstrates the advantages of performing joint transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling of single microglial cells and discuss how comprehensive epigenetic analyses may enhance our understanding of microglial pathophysiology.
(© 2024 The Authors. Immunological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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