Sleep disorders cause Parkinson's disease or the reverse is true: Good GABA good night.

Autor: Al-Kuraishy HM; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq., Al-Gareeb AI; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq., Albuhadily AK; Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq., Elewa YHA; Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Al-Farga A; Biochemistry Department, College of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudia Arbia., Aqlan F; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb Governorate, Yemen., Zahran MH; Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt., Batiha GE; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Damanhur, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: CNS neuroscience & therapeutics [CNS Neurosci Ther] 2024 Mar; Vol. 30 (3), pp. e14521.
DOI: 10.1111/cns.14521
Abstrakt: Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disease due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) presented with motor and non-motor symptoms. PD symptoms are developed in response to the disturbance of diverse neurotransmitters including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA has a neuroprotective effect against PD neuropathology by protecting DNs in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). It has been shown that the degeneration of GABAergic neurons is linked with the degeneration of DNs and the progression of motor and non-motor PD symptoms. GABA neurotransmission is a necessary pathway for normal sleep patterns, thus deregulation of GABAergic neurotransmission in PD could be the potential cause of sleep disorders in PD.
Aim: Sleep disorders affect GABA neurotransmission leading to memory and cognitive dysfunction in PD. For example, insomnia and short sleep duration are associated with a reduction of brain GABA levels. Moreover, PD-related disorders including rigidity and nocturia influence sleep patterns leading to fragmented sleep which may also affect PD neuropathology. However, the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology regarding motor and non-motor symptoms is not fully elucidated. Therefore, this narrative review aims to clarify the mechanistic role of GABA in PD neuropathology mainly in sleep disorders, and how good GABA improves PD. In addition, this review of published articles tries to elucidate how sleep disorders such as insomnia and REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) affect PD neuropathology and severity. The present review has many limitations including the paucity of prospective studies and most findings are taken from observational and preclinical studies. GABA involvement in the pathogenesis of PD has been recently discussed by recent studies. Therefore, future prospective studies regarding the use of GABA agonists in the management of PD are suggested to observe their distinct effects on motor and non-motor symptoms.
Conclusion: There is a bidirectional relationship between the pathogenesis of PD and sleep disorders which might be due to GABA deregulation.
(© 2024 The Authors. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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