A mechanism for deviance detection and contextual routing in the thalamus: a review and theoretical proposal.

Autor:	Varela C; Psychology Department, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States., Moreira JVS; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States., Kocaoglu B; Center for Connected Autonomy and Artificial Intelligence, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States., Dura-Bernal S; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, United States.; Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States., Ahmad S; Numenta, Redwood City, CA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in neuroscience [Front Neurosci] 2024 Feb 29; Vol. 18, pp. 1359180. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fnins.2024.1359180
Abstrakt:	Predictive processing theories conceptualize neocortical feedback as conveying expectations and contextual attention signals derived from internal cortical models, playing an essential role in the perception and interpretation of sensory information. However, few predictive processing frameworks outline concrete mechanistic roles for the corticothalamic (CT) feedback from layer 6 (L6), despite the fact that the number of CT axons is an order of magnitude greater than that of feedforward thalamocortical (TC) axons. Here we review the functional architecture of CT circuits and propose a mechanism through which L6 could regulate thalamic firing modes (burst, tonic) to detect unexpected inputs. Using simulations in a model of a TC cell, we show how the CT feedback could support prediction-based input discrimination in TC cells by promoting burst firing. This type of CT control can enable the thalamic circuit to implement spatial and context selective attention mechanisms. The proposed mechanism generates specific experimentally testable hypotheses. We suggest that the L6 CT feedback allows the thalamus to detect deviance from predictions of internal cortical models, thereby supporting contextual attention and routing operations, a far more powerful role than traditionally assumed. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Varela, Moreira, Kocaoglu, Dura-Bernal and Ahmad.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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