Economic Injury Levels and Economic Thresholds for Leucoptera coffeella as a Function of Insecticide Application Technology in Organic and Conventional Coffee ( Coffea arabica ), Farms.

Autor:	Picanço Filho MC; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., Lima E; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., Carmo DDGD; Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., Pallini A; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., Walerius AH; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., da Silva RS; Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina 39100-000, Brazil., Sant'Ana LCDS; Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., Lopes PHQ; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil., Picanço MC; Department of Entomology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil.; Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Plants (Basel, Switzerland) [Plants (Basel)] 2024 Feb 21; Vol. 13 (5). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 21.
DOI:	10.3390/plants13050585
Abstrakt:	Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) is one of the main pests in coffee crops. The economic injury level (EIL) is the lowest density of the pest at which economic damages match the costs of control measures. The economic threshold (ET) is the density of the pest at which control measures must be taken so that this population does not reach the EIL. These are the main indices used for pest control decision-making. Control of L. coffeella is carried out by manual, tractor, airplane or drone applications. This work aimed to determine EILs and ETs for L. coffeella as a function of insecticide application technology in conventional and organic Coffea arabica crops. Data were collected over five years in commercial C. arabica crops on seven 100 ha central pivots. The cost of control in organic crops was 16.98% higher than conventional. The decreasing order of control cost was manual > drone > airplane > tractor application. Coffee plants were tolerant to low densities (up to 15% mined leaves) of the pest that caused losses of up to 6.56%. At high pest densities (54.20% mined leaves), losses were high (85.62%). In organic and conventional crops and with the use of different insecticide application technologies, EIL and ET were similar. The EIL and ET were 14% and 11% of mined leaves, respectively. Therefore, these indices can be incorporated in integrated pest management programs in C. arabica crops. The indices determined as a function of insecticide application technology in organic and conventional coffee are important as they serve producers with different technological levels. Additionally, EILs and ETs can contribute to more sustainable production, as control methods will only be employed when the pest density reaches these indices. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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