Morphometric and genetic characterization as tools for selection of Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae) stocks in an area of natural hybridization in Argentina.

Autor:	Litvinoff L; Reinas del Litoral SRL, San Salvador, Entre Ríos, Argentina., Menescardi F; Reinas del Litoral SRL, San Salvador, Entre Ríos, Argentina., Porrini L; Centro de investigación en abejas sociales, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina., Russo R; Instituto de Geneítica 'E. A. Favret', Instituto Nacional de Tecnologiía Agropecuaria (INTA)-Grupo vinculado al Instituto de Agrobiotecnologiía y Biología Molecular (IABIMO-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina., Liendo MC; Instituto de Geneítica 'E. A. Favret', Instituto Nacional de Tecnologiía Agropecuaria (INTA)-Grupo vinculado al Instituto de Agrobiotecnologiía y Biología Molecular (IABIMO-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Tucumán, Argentina., Nucci A; Centro de investigación en abejas sociales, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina., Lusarreta E; Centro de investigación en abejas sociales, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina., Ventura R; Centro de investigación en abejas sociales, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción, Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina., Espasadin L; Instituto de Entomología, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina., Monmany-Garzia AC; Instituto de Ecología Regional (Universidad Nacional de Tucumán-CONICET), Yerba Buena, Argentina., Scannapieco AC; Instituto de Geneítica 'E. A. Favret', Instituto Nacional de Tecnologiía Agropecuaria (INTA)-Grupo vinculado al Instituto de Agrobiotecnologiía y Biología Molecular (IABIMO-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Tucumán, Argentina., Galindo-Cardona A; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Tucumán, Argentina.; Instituto de Entomología, Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in insect science [Front Insect Sci] 2023 Jan 17; Vol. 2, pp. 1073999. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 17 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/finsc.2022.1073999
Abstrakt:	Beekeepers around the world select bees' characteristics that facilitate and favor production. In regions where hybridization among lineages is taking place, this selection is a challenge, given that these regions are "natural laboratories", where the action of evolutionary processes of a population or species occurs in real time. A natural honeybee ( Apis mellifera ) hybrid zone exists in Argentina between 28° and 35° South, where Africanized (AHB) and European (EHB) populations converge. In this zone, beekeepers use selected genetic resources of European origin mostly, since the local Africanized bees show a higher defensive behavior, which is not desirable for management. Although EHB colonies have many advantages for honey production, they are not fully adapted to the subtropical climate and are susceptible to certain parasitosis such as varroosis. In addition, both AHB and EHB mate in drone congregation areas (DCAs), where males and virgin queens fly to meet, resulting in variability in the desired characteristics. In this study, we explored the degree of hybridization within a DCA and its reference apiary, located in the province of Entre Ríos, by applying two complementary techniques. First, morphotypes with different degrees of hybridization between European and African subspecies were observed in the reference apiary, indicating a high sensitivity of this morphometric approach to detect hybridization in these populations. Second, a genetic analysis revealed haplotypes of both origins for drones in DCAs, with a higher prevalence of European haplotypes, while all the colonies from the reference apiary exhibited European haplotypes. Overall, our results are in line with the strong impact that commercial beekeeping has on the genetics of DCAs. We show how wing morphometry may be used to monitor hybridization between European and African subspecies, a tool that may be evaluated in other regions of the world where hybridization occurs. Competing Interests: Authors LL and FM were employed by Reinas del Litoral SRL. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Litvinoff, Menescardi, Porrini, Russo, Liendo, Nucci, Lusarreta, Ventura, Espasadin, Monmany-Garzia, Scannapieco and Galindo-Cardona.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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