Health status of transgender people globally: A systematic review of research on disease burden and correlates.

Autor: Scheim AI; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada., Rich AJ; Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America., Zubizarreta D; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America., Malik M; Department of Health Behaviour, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America., Baker KE; Whitman-Walker Institute, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America., Restar AJ; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America., van der Merwe LA; Social, Health and Empowerment Feminist Collective of Transgender Women of Africa (S.H.E.), East London, South Africa., Wang J; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America., Beebe B; School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America., Ridgeway K; School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America., Baral SD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America., Poteat T; Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America., Reisner SL; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Mar 11; Vol. 19 (3), pp. e0299373. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 11 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299373
Abstrakt: Background and Objectives: Transgender and gender diverse (trans) health research has grown rapidly, highlighting the need to characterize the scientific evidence base. We conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed research on disease burden and correlates in trans adolescents and adults over a 20-month period to identify knowledge gaps and assess methodological characteristics including measurement of gender identity, community engagement, and study quality.
Data Sources, Eligibility Criteria, and Synthesis Methods: We searched seven databases using terms related to (a) transgender populations and (b) health or disease. Eligible studies were in English, French, or Spanish and reported original quantitative data on mental health or substance use conditions, infectious diseases, or non-communicable conditions in at least 25 trans individuals aged 15+. Quality assessment was performed in duplicate on a 10% sample of articles and findings were summarized using narrative synthesis.
Results: The 328 included studies were conducted in 45 countries, with most from North America (54%) and limited research from South Asia (3%), Sub-Saharan Africa (3%), and the Middle East and North Africa (2%). Most studies used cross-sectional designs (73%) and convenience sampling (65%). Only 30% of studies reported any form of community engagement. Mental health and substance use disorders were the most studied area (77% of studies) and non-communicable conditions the least (16%). Available data indicated that trans populations experience high disease burden with considerable heterogeneity within and across settings. Of 39 articles assessed for quality, 80% were rated as fair, 18% as poor, and 3% as good quality.
Conclusions and Implications: Geographic, gender-specific, and topical gaps remain in trans health, but we found more research from African countries, with transmasculine people, and on non-communicable conditions than previous syntheses. Areas for growth in trans health research include community engagement, non-binary health, chronic and age-related conditions, and health determinants.
Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021234043.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Scheim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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