Prevalence of trachoma in indigenous and non-indigenous areas, Northeastern Brazil, 2019-2021.

Autor:	Gomez DVF; Ministry of Health Brasília Brazil Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil., de Almeida WDS; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro Brazil Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., de Souza Junior PRB; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro Brazil Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil., Lopes MFC; Ministry of Health Brasília Brazil Ministry of Health, Brasília, Brazil., Luna EJA; University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Zimmermann IR; University of Brasília Brasília Brazil University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil., Tavares NUL; University of Brasília Brasília Brazil University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil., Gutierrez MMU; University of Brasília Brasília Brazil University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil., Szwarcwald CL; University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health [Rev Panam Salud Publica] 2024 Mar 10; Vol. 48, pp. e19. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 10 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.26633/RPSP.2024.19
Abstrakt:	Objective: To estimate the prevalence of trachoma in indigenous and non-indigenous populations in selected areas of the state of Maranhão, in northeastern Brazil. Methods: This was a population-based survey with probabilistic sampling. For the diagnosis of trachoma, external ocular examination was performed using head magnifying loupes, at 2.5X magnification. The prevalence of trachomatous inflammation - follicular (TF) in children aged 1-9 years and the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis (TT) in the population aged ≥15 years were estimated. Relative frequencies of sociodemographic and environmental characteristics were obtained. Results: The study included 7 971 individuals, 3 429 from non-indigenous populations and 4 542 from indigenous populations. The prevalence of TF in non-indigenous and indigenous populations was 0.1% and 2.9%, respectively, and the prevalence of TT among indigenous populations was 0.1%. Conclusions: The prevalence of TF and TT in the two evaluation units in the state of Maranhão were within the limits recommended for the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem. However, the prevalence of TF was higher in the indigenous evaluation unit, indicating a greater vulnerability of this population to the disease. The prevalence of TF of below 5.0% implies a reduction in transmission, which may have resulted from improved socioeconomic conditions and/or the implementation of the World Health Organization SAFE strategy. Competing Interests: Conflict of interest. None declared.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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