The maltreated eco-phenotype of eating disorders: A new diagnostic specifier? A systematic review of the evidence and comprehensive description.

Autor: Rossi E; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Cassioli E; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Dani C; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Marchesoni G; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Monteleone AM; Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania L. Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy., Wonderlich SA; Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Fargo, ND, United States of America., Ricca V; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy., Castellini G; Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.castellini@unifi.it.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews [Neurosci Biobehav Rev] 2024 May; Vol. 160, pp. 105619. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 09.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105619
Abstrakt: This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence on the existence of a distinct phenotypic expression of Eating Disorders (EDs) associated with childhood maltreatment (CM), the so-called maltreated eco-phenotype of EDs. PRISMA standards were followed. Articles providing data about the characteristics of individuals with an ED reporting CM were included. Relevant results were extracted and summarized. A quality assessment was performed. A total of 1207 records were identified and screened, and 97 articles published between 1994 and 2023 were included. Findings revealed distinct biological and clinical features in patients with EDs reporting CM, including neuroanatomical changes, altered stress responses, ghrelin levels, inflammation markers, and gut microbiota composition. Clinically, CM correlated with severer eating behaviors, higher psychiatric comorbidity, impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and risky behaviors. Additionally, CM was associated with poorer treatment outcomes, especially in general psychopathology and psychiatric comorbidities. This review highlighted the need to move towards an etiologically informed nosography, recognizing CM not merely as a risk factor, but also as an etiologic agent shaping different eco-phenotypic variants of EDs.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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