Exploring the impact of high-energy diets on cattle: Insights into subacute rumen acidosis, insulin resistance, and hoof health.

Autor:	Palhano RLA; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Martins RA; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Lemos GS; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Faleiros RR; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil; Equinova Research Group, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., da Fonseca LA; Veterinary Departament, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil., Gorza LL; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Lopes CEB; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Meneses RM; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., de Carvalho AU; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Filho EJF; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil., Moreira TF; Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Department, Veterinary School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil. Electronic address: tiagofacuryvet@gmail.com.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of dairy science [J Dairy Sci] 2024 Jul; Vol. 107 (7), pp. 5054-5069. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 08.
DOI:	10.3168/jds.2023-24151
Abstrakt:	Cattle lameness remains a significant concern, causing economic losses and compromising animal welfare. Claw horn lesions have been identified as a major cause of lameness in dairy cows, but their correlation with high-energy diets and ruminal acidosis remains unclear. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to assess the effects of a high-starch diet and a conventional diet on the rumen environment, acute-phase proteins, and metabolic alterations, with a particular focus on insulin resistance and the consequent implications for the histology of the hooves in Holstein steers. A total of 16 animals were divided into the high-starch (HS; 37% starch) and conventional (CON; 16.8% starch) groups. Glucose tolerance tests (GTT), blood analyses, rumen fluid analyses, and histological evaluations of the hoof tissue were conducted over a 102-d experimental period. The HS group showed a lower ruminal pH than the CON group, and with values indicating SARA. The plasma glucose and IGF-1 concentrations were higher in the HS group, suggesting an anabolic state. Both groups exhibited an increase in the insulin area under the curve (AUC) after the GTT on d 102. Histological analysis of the hooves showed a reduction in the length and width of the epidermal lamella in both groups. We found a significant negative correlation between the insulin AUC and the length and width of the epidermal lamella. Because both groups were similarly affected, the hypothesis that histological alterations were caused by the experimental diets still needs confirmation. Additionally, the development of SARA was not essential for the observed histological changes in the hoof. Further studies are warranted to thoroughly investigate the role of insulin and IGF-1 imbalances in claw health. (The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Dairy Science Association®. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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